Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?，今天小编就来聊一聊关于人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结?接下来我们就一起去研究一下吧!
人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？
【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？
【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：
(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？
(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？
(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？
(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事
(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？
(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？
(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？
I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep. 我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。
【解析1】(1)too many 复数名词 许多 too many people
(2)too much 不可数名词 许多 too much homework
(3)much too 形容词 太… much too cold
【2013山东德州1】— What’s the matter? — I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ___ tonight.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
【解析2】so conj. 因此 (表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）
【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴1】18. The shops were closed_______ I didn't get any milk.
A. so B. as C. or D. but
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。
【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事
【拓展】allow v 允许
allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.
allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
4. What’s wrong? 怎么啦？
【解析】What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？
【2013四川南充】— Mum , I’m not feeling well. — Oh, dear! _____.
A. What’s wrong B. Not at all C. All right.
I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。
【解析】until 直到......时
【2013山东临沂2】23. Please hold on to your dream _____ one day it comes true.
A. if B. until C. unless D. though
【2013山东青岛3】13. If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again ______ you are comfortable with them. A. unless B. if C. until D. while
【2013浙江丽水3】18. —Hey, man. You can’t cross the street now. You have to wait _____ the traffic turn green.
—Oh, sorry and thank you. A. when B. after C. until D. while
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？
【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉 (强调“入睡，睡着”这一动作）
7. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起来很伤心。
【解析】look 看起来 （系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）
【2012江苏苏州3】Some of friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to (更喜欢） what ____ nice.
A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes
【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj. 作表语
一是：（be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静
二保持：stay/keep （表示持续状态） stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康
三变化：become/get/turn （表示状态变化）
五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel （表示感觉）
( )Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public. A. happily B. exciting C. worried D. tired
( ) Tom’s father looks very _____. But he is very kind. A. seriously B. serious C. friendly
You ____ call him up. 你____ 给他打电话。
【解析】call up (v adv) call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday.
9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。
【解析1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.
类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel
【贵州安顺】When I went into the room, I found ___ in bed. A. him lying B. he lying C. he lies D. him was lying
【解析2】look through 浏览
【拓展】与look相关的短语：
look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through
look out look up look around look forward to
10. Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。
【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气
【拓展】angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地
(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】
(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】
(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal. 尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。
【解析1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。
【注】though / although 不能与but连用
【2012曲靖中考】 ____ my father isn’t pleased with his working environment , he still works hard.
A. And B. Although C. But D. Before
【2013福建福州3】41. — The boy can speak both English and Japanese _________ he is only ten.
— Wow, what a clever boy!
A. if B. because C. although
【2013浙江3】32. —Look! Some people are running the red lights. —We should wait _______ others are breaking the rule.
A. if B. unless C. although D. because
【拓展】although/however辨析
⑴although conj，“虽然；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。
Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。
⑵ however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为“然而，尽管如此”。
It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。
【解析2】It’s not a big deal. 没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）
You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。
【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth . somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
【2012山东济宁】22.—Sorry, Mr. Green. I have ____ my homework at home.
—Never mind. But don't forger next time.
A. put B. kept C. left D. remained
12. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。
【解析1】hope v 希望
hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope that 从句 （表示希望） I hope that you’ll be better soon
wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.
wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.
wish that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.
【解析2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟fine,well, badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。
work out
【2013四川遂宁3】30. The teachers encourage their students to ____ the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
A. give up B. work out C. look through
13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。
【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏
【2013山西1】26. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to ________ each other.
A. get on with B. come over to C. stay away from
【2013湖北十堰】32. —What kind of persons do you prefer to make friends with?
—I choose my friends on their characters and how we __________.
A. get in B. get up C. get on D. get off
14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。
【解析1】argue 争吵
→argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事
argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan
【2013辽宁锦州】11. —He looks unhappy today. —Let’s _______.
A. cheer him up B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him
【解析2】 hang over 挂在......之上； 悬浮在......之上
hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.
hang on to 紧紧抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.
hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation
15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.
【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill.
elder
用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语
older
泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是old的比较级形式。
【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.
【2013南京2】 I’m surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was ________ , for he seems to be in his thirties.
A. old B. older C. young D. younger
【解析2】be nice to sb. 对某人友好 be friendly to sb. be good to sb.
16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。
【解析】refuse =say no to v拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事
①The boy refused __________(go) to see his father with us.
( ) ②He refused when I asked him for help. A. said yes B. said no C. said hello
【2013浙江宁波】74. He invited her to his birthday party but she _______(拒绝).
17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
相反，他却想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。
【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替
(1) instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。
Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。
(2) instead of n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中
instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead.
她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。
( ) Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.
A. instead B. instead of C. because of D. because
【2011江苏徐州4】14. We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______.
A. either B. however C. yet D. instead
【2013江苏盐城】59.To keep fit, we should have more vegetables and fruit _________(代替) of too much meat.
【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一
【2013甘肃兰州】_________ happens, I won’t change my mind.(无论什么）
18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
【拓展】offer v 主动给予
(1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
(2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物
( )The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus. A. offered B. brought C. lent D. took
【2013山东莱芜2】27. The little boy ________ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought
19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？
【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次
【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；沟通communicate with sb. 和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.
( ) They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.
A. communicate B. communicated C. communicating
20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。
【解析】explain 解释；说明 → explanation n 解释；说明
explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。 explain to sb sth给某人解释某事
【江苏扬州】Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time __________(解释) things to us.
【2012浙江宁波】22. —Do you ________that Nancy has been a little too quiet these days?
—Yes. She didn't even say a word this afternoon. A. hope B. notice C. explain D. decide
21. I’m worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。
【解析】 be worried about sth. 担心某事
【拓展】worry v 担心 → worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为……担心
①Don’t be _________(worry). You’ll catch up with others.
( )② Don’t ____ about things so much. It will make you stressed out.
afraid B. worry C. worried D. Terrified
【2013绍兴】91. －You look _________ . What's up, sir? －I can't find my ticket, but it's time to check in.
A. sleepy B. hungry C. tired D. worried
22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。
【解析】return ⑴v 归还=give back return ... to ... = give back to ... 把......还给......
⑵ v 回来；返回 = come back
【2012浙江宁波】He borrowed my iphone 4 and didn’t ________(归还） it to me.
23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。
【解析】press v 按；压 →pressure压力
⑴不可数名词 （物理学）压力air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压
⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下
24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。
【解析】compete v竞争；对抗 → competition n 竞争
compete with sb. 和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争compete for 为……参加比赛
We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).
25.You should all be ___ each other to improve. 你们都应该互相____ 而全面发展。
【解析】improve =make ... better 改进 →improvement n 提高
26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。
【解析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来
give opinions about sth. 给出关于某事的观点。
27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。
【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】：分开是一段， 合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时
(1) some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
(2) sometime adv 在某个时候，
(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.
(4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）
( ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.
A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
【2013广西】At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. so you have to be careful.
A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times
28. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人正在练习体育运动， 这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。
【解析】 others pron. “其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。
( ) My sister is outgoing . She likes making friends with ____.
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。
【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家 。 在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.
【2012广东】____ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. / B.A C. An D. The
【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of “是……的特点”
30.. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.
或许我可以减少他们的一些活动， 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。
【解析】cut out 删除；删去 (v adv) You’d better cut out that sentence.
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应
( ) Don’t ___ when others talk; it’s impolite. A. cut out B. cut in C. cut down D. cut off
31. I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。
【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，达到 →success n 成功
→successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地
◆succeed in doing sth
①If at first you don’t ____________(success) . try, try again.
( )② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.
A. successful; pass B. success ;passing C. succeed; passing D. successful; passing
【2013甘肃兰州】87. Details decide ______ (成功) or not. If we take everything seriously, we’ll achieve our goals.
【2013贵州铜仁】85.—What’s the secret of your ________（success）?—Work hard.
【2013四川凉山】85. After hundreds of experiments, Edison _______ (成功)invented the light bulb.
【2013山东青岛3】12. It is ______ that Mr. Guo sailed across the world by himself ______ within about 130 days
A. terrified, successful B. scary, successfully C. amazing, successfully D. convincing, successful
32.It’s time for homework.该写作业了。
【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch. It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school.
( ) It’s 9:30 pm., children! _____ is time to go to bed.
A. That B. It C. This D. They
In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.
在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续到他们长大。
【解析】continue 继续；持续
【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)
continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事（前后不是同一件事）
①Let’s continue____________(read) the text.
②Many students hope to continue ________ (study) after _______(finish) school.
（ ）③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析
⑴continue v.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。
He continue the work for two days.他连续两天都在做这项工作。
⑵ go on指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。
go on to do sth继续做某事，指开始做另外一件事；
go on doing sth继续做原来所做的事情。
After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作业之后，他继续去预习他的研究。
⑶last v.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间。
She won’t last long in that job.那个工作她做不了多久。
34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。
【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送
【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请
send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物
【注】类似的动词有：show (展示； 给……看) give (给) lend (借出) offer（提供） return （归还） tell （ 告诉）
( ) ① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.A. send up it B. send for it C. send it away D. send it off
( ) Please send a photo of your family ____ me. A. for B. at C. to D. with
【2011四川绵阳】15. ---- Drunken drive is dangerous, isn’t it?
---- Yeah. That why drunken drivers_____ to prison even without causing accidents.
A. sent B. are sent C. send D. are sending
【解析2】all kinds of 各种各样的
【拓展】kind (1) n 种类
kind of adj.有点，有几分，kind of cold 有点冷 a kind of 一种的，某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的
different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of…?那种
(2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. = be good to sb.=be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
【辨析】kind of 与kinds of:
1kind of 单独用，表示“有点”，后接形容词或副词： He is kind of thin.”他有点瘦” I feel kind of hungry.”我有点饿”
Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔说得有点快。
2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，译为“种，种类” 后加名词。
That kind of question is difficult to answer. 那类问题难回答。What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动？
( ) ①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.
A. nice ; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good ;nice
( ) ②—What ____ animals do you like? — Monkeys. I think they’re _____ clever.
A. kind of; kind of B . a kind of ;a kind of C. kind of; a kind D. a kind of ; kind of
( )③ — It’s going to rain. Let me fetch an umbrella for you. — Thank you ! You are so ____.
A. lucky B. kind C. relaxed D. Interesting
【2013浙江台州】17. —I want to see the movie Iron Man 3 (《钢铁3》). Do you know the ______ of the ticket?
—Yes. Five dollars.
A. number B. price C. kind D. name
35..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. 孩子们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。
【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事
( ) Do you have time _____ this game with us?
A. to play B. play C. playing D. played
36. And they are always comparing them with other children.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。
【解析】compare A with B 将A和B 比较
(1)compare…with… 把……与…..做比较
(2) compare…to… 把…..比做……
( ) ①. People often compare a teacher a candle.
A. to B. into C. as D. with
( ) ②. It’s necessary English Chinese in English study.
A. compare ; to B. to compare ; with C. comparing ; to D. to compare; into
【2011四川广元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ?
— Because their parents always compare them ___ others.
A. With B. by C. to
37. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。
【解析1】be good for 对......有好处
【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 → goodness n 好处；善行 ；美德
be good for 对….有益处（反） be bad for对…有害处
be good at n/doing=do well in n/doing 擅长于做某事
be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好
【记】The boy is good ______me .He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.
【新疆中考】I think drinking milk is good ____ our health. A. for B. to C. with D. at
【湖北咸宁】 — I think drinking milk every morning is good ____ our health.
— Yes, I agree _____ you. A. to; to B. with; to C. at; with D. for; with
【山东临沂】English is my favorite subjiect , and I am good ___ it.
A. for B. to C. at D. of
【解析2】development 发展
【2012江苏泰州】Good habits are good for the ___________(develop) of us teenagers.
【2012江苏盐城】 The ____________(develop) of science has changed our world a lot.
38.Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.
爱丽丝. 格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力。
【解析】 cause v. 造成，使发生
(1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事 (2) cause sb. for sb. 给某人添麻烦
( ) ①She always ___ trouble ___ people.
A. cause; to B. cause ; for C. causing; to D. causing; for
( ) ②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic accidents.
A. happens B. provides C. causes
【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析
⑴cause n.原因，指引起某种结果的“原因”，后接介词of.
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他开车开的太快。
⑵reason n.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。
The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting.他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。
⑶excuse n.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。
He made a good excuse for his driving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。
( ) What ___ the flowers to die? A. made B. had C. caused D .get
( ) Do you often ___ trouble ____ your parents? A. get; into B. pay; for C. cause; for D. give; to
39. .In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to ... 我认为， 对于孩子们/父母来说， ......是重要的。
【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的观点； 在某人看来
40. Perhaps children/ parents should / could ......或许孩子们/父母应该/ 可能.......
【解析】perhaps 也许；可能
【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析
⑴perhaps意为“也许，可能”，一般指比较小的可能性。
Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也许我后天去看他，不过我不能确定。
⑵probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。
He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。
⑶possibly意为“可能，或许，也许”，可能性较大。
I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要见你，不过也可能是明天。
⑷maybe“或许，大概”，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。
Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。
41. It’s crazy. 这是疯狂的。
【解析】crazy. adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 (在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语)
be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于…… I’m crazy about football.
42. Does Cathy Taylor think it’s important for kids to join after-school activities?
凯西. 泰勒认为对于孩子们而言参加课文活动重要吗？
【解析】It’s adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) (for sb.) to do sth
【注】若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，须用介词for 【形容物，用for】
It’s adj( kind, honest, friendly, ) (of sb) to do sth.
【注】 若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介词of。【形容人用of】
【2012山东东营】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet. A. to B. of C. by D. for
① It’s important for us _______(learn) English well.
②It’s hard for us ____________(finish) this task in two days.
( )③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot. A. for B. of C. in D. on
( ) ④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me. A. kind B. polite C. clever D. easy
43. keep on happening 持续发生
【解析】keep on doing 继续做某事 keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上
keep sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避开
Mr. Li kept _________(work) here for nearly 30 years.
二、重点语法
1. 情态动词should与could的用法
should的用法
should为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为“应该”，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you.也许她应该跟你说声对不起。
could的用法
情态动词could既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为couldn’t。
My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80岁任然能很好地驾车。
You could go out and buy her some medicine. 你可以出去给他买些药。
( ) The girl_____ read before she went to school. A. Could B. Couldn’t C. Should D. May
2.状语从句
状语从句就是在句子中作状语的从句。状语从句有好几种，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。本单元重点讲述以下三种类型的状语从句。
1).until引导的时间状语从句
until意为“直到；在........之前”。注意until和not.....until在用法上的区别。
Until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里
如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops. Continue in this direction until you see a sign.
一直朝着这个方向走直到你看见一个指示牌。
I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。
2).so that引导的目的状语从句
so that是连词，意为“为的是，以便”，引导目的状语从句。
注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的区别。
Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.让我记下你的号码，为的是以后好打电话给你。
3). although引导的状语从句
although的用法意思相当于though（尽管，虽然），用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but，and， so等连用，但可以和yet， still等词连用。
① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。
② Although he was tired, he went on working.
Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.尽管他参加这次竞赛只不过是闹着玩而已，却赢得了头等奖。
Unit5 What were you doing wneh the rainstorm came?
一.基础知识讲解.
What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？
【解析1】过去进行时
过去进行时态
⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。
⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday /
或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示
⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were 现在分词
⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型
肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.
否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.
一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night?
两回答 Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t.
特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night?
⑸ 过去进行时的固定句型
Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。
Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.
在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。
Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。
⑹请比较 He watched TV last night. （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时）
He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间last night 点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)
【2013浙江杭州4】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games.
A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing
【2013黑龙江绥化3】My uncle ____ books in the room at this time yesterday.
A. was seeing B. is reading C. was reading
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What ____ you _____ when the captain came in?
A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doing
巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Now Jim’s sister __________________(read) newspapers.
2.He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night.
3.He __________________(watch)TV last night.
4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?
5. — ________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? — No, she _________
6. __________________you __________________(have) supper at that time?
7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.
8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.
9. What ___________________ he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.
10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.
11. When the teacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.
12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.
13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV.
【解析2】 at the time of 在...... 的时候 （常用于过去进行时）
【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴
2. My alarm didn’t go off so I ___ up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我____晚了。
【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟
【解析2】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 ，离开 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了
【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开
go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
( ) I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____ A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up
【2011广西南宁市】30.—What a big storm last night!
—Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, all the lights in my house____.
A. went off B. turned off C. took off D. got off
【2011山西中考】How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock _____.
A. ran off B. went off C. took off
I ____ for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨的时候我__ 公交车
【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上
heavy
adj. 沉重的
How heavy are you?
heavily
adv 沉重地
The army lost heavily
形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard
【2013漳州】18. The sun is shining _____ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out.
A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily
【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .
A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly
【注】heavy改y为i ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：
hungry
饥饿的
hungrily
happy
快乐的
happily
angry
生气的
angrily
lucky
幸运的
luckily
4. I ___ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus. 我____ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。
【解析】miss v ①错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus.
②想念；思念
③ n 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”
( ) — I ____ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning. — Bad luck!
A. missed B. caught C. followed D. left
5.I called at seven and you didn’t pick up. 我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。
【解析】pick up 接电话
pick up
接电话
Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up
捡起；拾起
I pick up a wallet on my way home
（开车）接某人
I will pick you up at the station
学到；获得
He was picking up the skills quickly.
【2012陕西2】25. The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ______ rubbish to keep the mountains clean.
A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up
【2013湖北武汉1】40. It seems that the aged people ________ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.
A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up
6. That’s strange. 真奇怪
【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人
be strange to 对……感到陌生
strange
奇怪的
It’s strange that she came to the party.
陌生的
He stands in a stranger street.
7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。
【解析1】with n adv ，在句中做伴随状语
with n adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open
【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事
I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today.
8. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。
【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者
make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告 It’s reported that… 据报道
I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.
9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?
那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？
【解析】so 的用法：
无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容
so
so adj./ adv “如此……”
so adj./adv that 从句
so 从句 “所以“
so that 从句 “以便，为了……”
10.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.我八点钟又给你打电话， 你也没有接。
【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）
( ) —It’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun. — _____.
A. I’m OK B. I don’t know C. I’m sorry D. I see
【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
【解析2】either 也
【辨析】also /too/as well/ either
(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
(2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末 (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末
【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空
③ Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____. ②Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _______.
③Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it. ④Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______.
（ ）⑤ He can’t swim .I can’t,_____. A. too B. also C. either D. neither
11.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working .
本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。
【解析1】while当......的时候
【2013四川雅安1】5. Amy was reading a book _____ I came in.
A. when B. while C. because D. though
【2013山东菏泽3】13.______the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
A. When B. If C. While D. Once
【解析2】make sure确信； 确保
make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave
make sure of Do you know the time of the train? You’d better make sure of it.
【2013山东青岛3】22. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ______that you get one today.
A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans
【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesn’t work.
【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：
表示“工作”，是不可数名词：
He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。
work →worker
⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：
He has read many of Hemingway’s works.
⑶ 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：
The glass works（=factory) is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。
【2012曲靖中考】 My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。
【解析1】.beat与win辨析
We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。
Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？
【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地
【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light → heavily adv 猛烈地
【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard
①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.
( ) ②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.
A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly
【2012广西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right? —Yes, but he is _______ runner in our class.
A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better
【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .
A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly
【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞
⑴表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：
Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对
⑵表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等： The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上
【2013】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.
A. up B. for C. against D. down
【2013青岛1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.
A. against B. on C. in D. for
13. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。
【解析】 at first 首先；最初
【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始
【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】
(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】
( ) When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.
A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all
【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy. ____ , we should eat a balanced (平衡的) diet.
A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together
14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。
【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：
(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，
(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。
【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.
( ) — Jim, Where is your sister? — Oh，She is still in bed.
A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy
【2013江苏泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he
stayed up too late last night.
be asleep
强调睡着的状态
The baby is asleep
fall asleep
强调入睡的动作
My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly
( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.
A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep
【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。
⑴fall asleep属“连系动词 表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。
⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。
He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon. 他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。
⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。
I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。
⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。
She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。
⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。
The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.
我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。
【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：
指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。
die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；
die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。
die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。
die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。
This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。
15. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。
【解析1】wake up (v adv) 醒来；睡醒
【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.
A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up
【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. — I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night.
A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up
【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起
rise
升起；上升
主语自身移向较高位置
Price rose gradually
raise
举起；提高
主语发出的动作作用于其他事物
Let’s raise our glasses to Tom.
( ) The river ___ two inches this morning.
A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow
16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。
【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶
【解析2】 everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方
词条
含义
用法
例句
everywhere
处处；到处；各个地方
可用于任何句式
We have many friends everywhere in the world
somewhere
某个地方
多用于肯定句中
You can go somewhere you like to.
anywhere
任何地方
否定句
You can’t go anywhere
疑问句
Can I go anywhere I choose
【2013杭州1】There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world.
A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere
【2013无锡4】31. We arrived at the station too early and had____ to go, so we sat there and chatted with each other.
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere
【2013浙江杭州1】26. There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world.
A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere
17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。
【解析】 join 加入；参加
【辨析】join/join in/take part in
(1) join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部
◆ join in 后接活动名称
◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中
(2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
( )① – I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week.-- Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you.
A. visit B. join C. follow D. meet
( )② –Mary, would you like to ___ this game? —I’d love to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first.
A. join in; to write B. attend; writing C. join; to write D. take part in; writing.
【2013天津3】26. He ______an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
A. protected B. produced C. joined D. received
18. turn on the radio 打开收音机
【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉
【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】22. It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it.
A. turn on B. get on C. try on D. put on
【2013江苏淮安】13. It's getting dark. Please ________ the light.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around
【2013湖南益阳】33.The boy is sleeping. Please _____the radio.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on
【2013河南】30. ______a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.
A. Try on B. Get on C. Turn on D. Put on
19.When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a
tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。
【解析】get to 到达get → got→ gotten v 得到
【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive
get to 地点=arrive in/at 地点=reach 地点
get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于 get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together相聚
【2013四川广安】28. —When will the plane _____Shanghai? —Sorry，I don’t know.
A. get B. arrive at C. reach
【2013江苏苏州】 I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ____ just fine together.
A. get along B. get up C. get away D. get off
What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？
【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）
(1) happen v “发生”没有被动语态 ，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性
a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?
b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 She happened ________(be) out when we called.
(2)take place 发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took place in our school last week.
(3) It happened that…碰巧
( ) ① An accident ____ at the school gate this morning.
A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places
( ) ②What happened _____ the boy? A. with B. to C. at D. on
( ) ③A serious bike accident ____ her , and she was badly hurt.
A. happened to B. was happened to C. was happing D. was happen
( ) ④The accident took place on a cold night. A. took the place B. happened C. told D. hold
( ) ⑤I happened _____him last night. A. to meet B. meet C. meeting D. meets
【2011•铜仁】30. Great changes _________ in Tongren in the past five years.
A. have happened B. have taken place C. have been happened D. have been taken place
【2013山东临沂】30. The Olympic Games of 2016 will _____ in Brazil.
A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away
【2013山东济南】53. —It’s hot today, isn’t it?
—Yes, it is. Why not __________ your jacket? A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off
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