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问题Question
“under”和“below”有什么区别?
What is the difference between "Under" and "below"?
答案Answer
Several readers have recently asked about the difference between the prepositions under and below, which are often interchangeable.
一些读者最近问了关于介词under和below之间的区别，这两个词通常是可以互换的。
Here are four facts about under and below that will help you understand the difference between these words and use them correctly:
以下是关于“under”和“below”的四个事实，它们将帮助你理解这两个词的区别，并正确使用它们:
1. Under is used much more widely. When you’re not sure which word to use, use under. It is more likely to be correct.
Under的用法更广泛。当你不确定用哪个词的时候，用under。它更有可能是正确的。
2. All the common uses of below are related to the idea of “lower or less than,” as in these examples:
below的所有常见用法都与“更低或更少”的意思有关，比如下面这些例子:
- The sun disappeared below the horizon.
- 太阳消失在地平线下。
- Temperatures were below normal all week.
- 整个星期气温都低于正常水平。
- The game is suitable for children below the age of 10.
- 游戏适合10岁以下的儿童。
- There are many more fish below the surface of the water.
- 水面下有更多的鱼。
3. Under can have the same meaning as below, as in these examples:
Under和below意思相同，如下所示:
- We sat under a tree and rested. (Or, We sat below a tree and rested.)
- 我们坐在树下休息
- Draw a line under each word you don't know. (Or, Draw a line below each word you don't know.)
- 在你不认识的每个单词下面画一条线。
but under can also mean “guided or controlled by,” as in:
但是under也可以表示“由…引导或控制”，例如:
- The cafe is under new management.
- 这家咖啡馆由新的管理人员管理。
- The army captured three forts while under the general's command.
- 军队在将军的指挥下占领了三个堡垒。
- Under the terms of the lease, rent will be due on the first of each month.
- 根据租赁条款，租金将在每月的第一天到期。
4. Under is often used in expressions in which it has a special meaning. Look at the most common collocations with under to see this more clearly:
Under通常用于有特殊含义的表达中。下面是under最常见的搭配:
- Hudson tried to get her weight under control with drastic diets. [under control=able to be managed successfully]
- 哈德森试图通过严格的饮食控制体重。[在控制之下=能够成功管理]
- Under normal circumstances, Steinmark might have wished to spend more time in Los Angeles [under normal circumstances=in a normal situation]
- 在正常情况下，斯坦马克可能会希望在洛杉矶多呆一段时间。
- You have to be able to think under pressure, [under pressure=in a stressful situation]
- 你必须能够在压力下思考，[在压力下=在一个有压力的情况下]
- Under the law, hospitals have to treat any patient who needs emergency medical attention. [under the law=according to the law]
- 根据法律，医院必须对任何需要紧急医疗护理的病人进行治疗。
