PRIS comes from Old French pris "taken",(prehend t-> prehens -> pris ) 来源: 古法语pris<-Latin prensio <- prehensus <- prehendere(其过去分词), 所以PRIS来源于Latin词根prehend/prehens"to seize抓住" prehend/prehens: pre(before) hens/hend(to seize,taake, From PIE root *ghend-"to seize, take").
PRIS思维导图
PRIS相关的单词:
comprise [kəm'praɪz] vt. 包含；由…组成 CET4 TEM4 IELTS 考研 TOEFL CET6
[拆] com(together) pris(to seize抓住) e -> to seize all together -> 全抓在一起 -> 全部包含; 由...组成
词源:
- comprise (v.)
- early 15c., "to include," from Old French compris, past participle of comprendre "to contain, comprise" (12c.), from Latin comprehendere (see comprehend). Related: Comprised; comprising.
●e.g.
This authology comprises samples from the work of ten authors. 这本文选包含了十个作家的作品范例.
apprise [ə'praɪz] vt. 通知；报告 GRE
[拆] ap(ad: to) pris(to seize) -> to seize(去抓住, 领悟) -> to make aware, to inform -> 通知; 报告
词源:
- apprise (v.)
- "to notify," 1690s, from French appris, past participle of apprendre "to inform, teach," literally "to lay hold of (in the mind)," another metaphoric meaning of Latin apprehendere (see apprehend). Related: Apprised; apprising.
●常用短语
apprise sb of sth 告知
●e.g.
Keep me apprised of your progress. 及时告知我事情的进展.
enterprise ['ɛntɚ'praɪz] n. 企业；事业；进取心；事业心 CET4 TEM4 IELTS 考研 TOEFL CET6
[拆] enter(between) pris(to take) e -> to take chances between risks在风险中抓住机会 -> 有进取心; 冒险精神(企业; 事业 都需要具有进取心和冒险精神)
词源:
- enterprise (n.)
- early 15c., "an undertaking," formerly also enterprize, from Old French enterprise "an undertaking," noun use of fem. past participle of entreprendre "undertake, take in hand" (12c.), from entre- "between" (see entre-) prendre "to take," contraction of prehendere (see prehensile). Abstract sense of "adventurous disposition, readiness to undertake challenges, spirit of daring" is from late 15c.
●拓展
enterprising adj. 有事业心的；有进取心的；有魄力的；有胆量的 TOEFL
●e.g.
Within a free enterprise capitalist society, resources are very unevenly distributed. 在自由企业式的资本主义社会里，资源分配极不均衡
reprisal [rɪ'praɪzl] n. 报复（行为）；报复性劫掠 CET6 TEM8 GRE
[拆] re(back) pris(take) al(n后缀)-> to take back抓回来 -> 报复行为
词源:
- reprisal (n.)
- early 15c., "seizing property or citizens of another nation in retaliation for loss inflicted on one's own," from Anglo-French reprisaille (14c.), from Old French reprisaille (Modern French représaille), from early Italian ripresaglia, from ripreso, past participle of riprendere "take back," from Latin reprendere, earlier reprehendere (see reprehend). General sense of "retaliation" is from 1710.
●e.g.
First the president submitted his administration's muddled case for reprisals to a vote in a hostile Congress. 首先, 总统像充满敌意的国会提交了他糊涂的议案意在报复.
imprison [ɪm'prɪzn] vt. 监禁；关押；使…下狱 CET6 TEM4 CET4 IELTS
[拆] in(in) prison(prison监狱)-> 关在监狱里面 -> 关进; 关押
词源:
- imprison (v.)
- c. 1300, from Old French emprisoner (12c.), from em- "in" (see in- (2)) prison (see prison). Related: Imprisoned; imprisoning.
●拓展
imprisonment [ɪm'prɪznmənt] n. 监禁，关押；坐牢；下狱 TEM4 TOEFL
one year's imprisonment 一年监禁
prison ['prɪzn] n. 监狱；监禁；拘留所 vt. 监禁，关押 CET4 TEM4 考研 CET6
[拆] prison <- pridtion (dt -> s) prid tion -> tion表示the result of an action -> 抓住的结果: 进监狱 -> 监狱
词源:
- prison (n.)
- early 12c., from Old French prisoun "captivity, imprisonment; prison; prisoner, captive" (11c., Modern French prison), altered (by influence of pris "taken;" see prize (n.2)) from earlier preson, from Vulgar Latin *presionem, from Latin prensionem (nominative prensio), shortening of prehensionem (nominative *prehensio) "a taking," noun of action from past participle stem of prehendere "to take" (see prehensile). "Captivity," hence by extension "a place for captives," the main modern sense.
- prison (v.)
- "to imprison," early 14c., from prison (n.) or Old French prisoner (v.). Related: Prisoned; prisoning.
●拓展:
prisoner ['prɪznɚ] n. 囚犯，犯人；俘虏；刑事被告
●e.g.
prison breaking 越狱 be released from prison被从监狱释放
prisoner of conscience 政治犯
prisoner of war 战俘(简称 P.O.W)
surprise [sɚ'praɪz] n. 惊奇，诧异；突然袭击 vt. 使惊奇；奇袭 adj. 令人惊讶的 CET4 TEM4 考研 CET6
[拆] sur(super: over) pris(to seize) e -> 从上面抓住(老鹰抓蛇, 突然袭击) -> 蛇当然措手不及 -> 使措手不及; 惊讶; 突然袭击
词源:
- surprise (n.)
- also formerly surprize, late 14c., "unexpected attack or capture," from Old French surprise "a taking unawares" (13c.), from noun use of past participle of Old French sorprendre "to overtake, seize, invade" (12c.), from sur- "over" (see sur- (1)) prendre "to take," from Latin prendere, contracted from prehendere "to grasp, seize" (see prehensile). Meaning "something unexpected" first recorded 1590s, that of "feeling of astonishment caused by something unexpected" is c. 1600. Meaning "fancy dish" is attested from 1708.
- surprise (v.)
- also formerly surprize, late 14c., "overcome, overpower" (of emotions), from the noun or from Anglo-French surprise, fem. past participle of Old French surprendre (see surprise (n.)). Meaning "come upon unexpectedly" is from 1590s; that of "strike with astonishment" is 1650s.
●拓展
surprising [sɚ'praɪzɪŋ] adj. 令人惊讶的；意外的
每日 · 一句
Love is eternal, hand in hand, life becomes everlasting.
爱是永恒的, 手牵着手, 生活变得无止境。
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