Bback，我来为大家科普一下关于中学英语固定搭配分类整理?下面希望有你要的答案，我们一起来看看吧!
中学英语固定搭配分类整理
B
back
1. at the back of
(1) 在……的后面(范围之外)”。如：
There is a little garden at the back of the house. 房屋后有个小花园。
We planted some trees at the back of the school. 我们在学校后面种了些树。
注：用于此义时，相当于 behind。
(2) 在……的后部(范围之内)”。如：
There is a little room at the back of the house. 房屋后部有个小房间。
The index is at the back of the book. 索引在书末尾。
注：用于此义时，不能用 behind 换。
(3) 用于引申义。如：
Someone must be at the back of this. 这事一定有人在背后捣鬼。
2. in the back of 在……后部。如：
He sat in [at] the back of the car. 他坐在小汽车后部。
注：在美国英语中有时可只用 (in) back of 来表示以上意思。如：
My home lies (in) back of the school. 我家就在学校后面。
3. on one’s back 在背上，仰着身子。如：
The little boy had a big schoolbag on his back. 这个小男孩背上背着一个大书包。
They lay on their backs and gazed at the sky. 他们仰着身子躺着，眼睛望着天空。
bad
1. be bad at 不善于。如：
I’m bad at maths. 我数学学得很差。
He is bad at playing tennis. 他网球打得不好。
2. be bad for 对……不好。如：
Too much salt can be bad for you. 吃太多的盐对你不好。
Smoking is bad for you (your health). 抽烟对你(你的身体)有害。
3. go from bad to worse 变得越来越糟，每况愈下。如：
His business is going from bad to worse. 他的生意每况愈下。
We’re hoping for an improvement but things have gone from bad to worse. 我们希望有所改善，但情况却变得越来越糟。
base
1. base sth on [upon] sth 一事物以另一事物为基础(前提等)。如：
He always bases his opinions on facts. 他的意见一向以事实为依据。
You should base your conclusion upon careful research. 你下的结论应该以仔细的研究为基础。
注：有时用于被动语态。如：
This story is based on facts. 这个故事是有事实依据的。
bear
1. can’t bear doing [to do] sth 不能忍受做某事。如：
I can’t bear living [to live] alone. 一个人独居我受不了。
He can’t bear travelling [to travel] by sea. 他坐不了海船。
注：有时其后不定式或动名词可以带有逻辑主语。如：
I can’t bear him to marry her. 我不能容忍他与她结婚。
He can’t bear people smoking while he’s eating. 他在吃饭时不能容忍别人抽烟。
2. be born 出生。如：
I was born in 1962. 我生于1962年。
He was born of a wealthy family. 他出身富门。
because
1. because of 因为。如：
He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了他的工作。
He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。
注：because of 之后可接 what 从句，但不能接 that从句或没有引导词的句子。如：
他因病未来。
误：He didn’t come because of he was ill.
误：He didn’t come because of that he was ill.
正：He didn’t come because he was ill.
正：He didn’t come because of his illness.
2. just because 只因为，就因为，虽然……但。如：
Just because I don’t complain, people think I’m satisfied.
只是我没有发牢骚，人们就认为我心满意足了。
Just because they make more money than I do they think they’re superior. 就因为他们挣钱比我多，他们就认为他们在高人一等。
注：有时可引出一个名词性从句。如：
Just because I’m married doesn’t mean that I don’t want to see my old friends anymore. 虽然我结婚了，但这并不意味着我就不再想见老朋友了。
become
1. What becomes of sb (sth)? 某人或某物后来变成怎样。如：
What became of him? 他后来怎样了?
Tell us what became of the missing ship. 告诉我们这只失踪的船后来怎样了。
bed
1. go to bed 上床睡觉。如：
He goes to bed at nine. 他九点上床睡觉。
He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back. 直到他妻子回来他才睡觉。
比较 go to bed(上床睡觉)与 go to the bed(到床边去)。如：
He went to bed at 10 last night. 他昨晚10点钟上床睡觉。
He went to the bed and found a letter on it. 他走到床边，发现上面放着一封信。
2. in bed 在床上(睡觉)。如：
He is still in bed. 他还在睡觉。
He’s sick in bed with a cold. 他因感冒而卧床。
注：该结构中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。
3. make the bed 铺床。如：
Make the bed whenever you are up. 起床就要铺床。
注：make one’s (own) bed, 意为“自食其果”。如：
As you make your own bed, so you must lie on it. 你是自作自受。
4. on a (the) bed 在床上。如：
There is a red box on the bed. 床上有个红色的盒子。
注：该结构通常应有冠词或其他限定词，有时它与 in bed 大致同义，只是搭配不同而已。如：
躺在床上看书是个坏习惯。
正：It is a bad habit to read in bed.
正：It is a bad habit to read on a [the] bed.
4. put sb to bed 安顿某人上床睡觉。如：
I’ll just put the children to bed. 我就安顿孩子们去睡觉。
before
1. before long 不久，很快。如：
I’ll be back before long. 不久我就回来。
Before long he got married. 不久他就结婚了。
2. long before
(1) 老早，早就(单独使用，表示比过去某时早得多的时间)。如：
She had left long before. 她老早就离开了。
That had happened long before. 那事老早就发生了。
注：long ago 表示“很久以前”，指的是从现在算起的很久以前，通常与一般过去时连用：
I met him long ago. 我很久以前就认识他了。
(2) 在……的很久以前，在还没有……的很久以前。如：
She had left long before his return [he returned]. 在他回来的很久以前她就走了。
He had worked in the factory long before he got married. 在他还没有结婚的很久以前他就在这家工厂工作了。
注：此时的主句谓语通常用过去完成时，但有时也可用一般过去时(因为 before 已体现了动作的先后关系)。如：
This happened long before you were born. 这事在你还没出生以前很久就发生了。
3. It is [was, will be] long before……在……前需要很久。如：
It was long before he came back. 过了好久他才回来。
It won’t be long before we see each other. 不久我们又会见面的。
比较：
It wasn’t long before he realized his mistake. / Before long he realized his mistake. 不久他意识到了自己的错误。
4. before one knows it (某事)很快就会发生。如：
Ten years passed before we knew it. 十年很快就过去了。
We’d better set off or it will be dark before we know it. 我们最好动身了，不然天很快就会黑了。
begin
1. begin to do sth 开始做某事。如：
Soon it began to rain. 不久天就开始下雨了。
He sat down at the desk and began to write. 他在桌子前坐下就开始写了起来。
2. began doing sth 开始做某事。如：
He began doing this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。
He began teaching English at the age of 18. 他18岁开始教英语。
注：以上两类结构有时可互换，而意思不变。如：
Then he began telling [to tell] us a story. 然后他开始给我们讲故事。
两类结构能互换的场合主要限于那些有意志的动词，而对于那些无意志的动词(如那些表示感觉或心理活动的动词以及主语是无生命的东西时)，通常用不定式，很少用动名词。如：
The ice began to melt. 冰开始融化。
I began to understand this situation. 我开始了解情况。
另外若 begin 本身为 -ing 形式，其后通常也接不定式。如：
I’m beginning to feel better, thank you. 我渐渐感到好些了，谢谢你。
不过，若主语是指天气的 it, 其后可接不定式或动名词。如：
It began raining [to rain]. 开始下雨了。
3. begin with sth [by doing sth] 以做某事开始。如：
Knowledge begins with practice. 知识始于实践。
He began by telling us a story. 他先给我讲了个故事。
注：有时 begin 后可以有宾语。如：
He began his talk with an apology. 他开始讲话时先作了一番道歉。
4. to begin with 首先，在开始。如：
We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’ve no money. 我们不去了，首先是太冷了， 另外我们又没有钱。
The factory was quite a small one to begin with. 这家工厂开始是一家很小的厂。
beginning
1. at [in] the beginning 起初，在开始时。如：
He disliked it at [in] the beginning. 他开始时不喜欢它。
In [At] the beginning I lived next to her. 开始我住在她隔壁。
2. at the beginning of 在……之初，在……开始时。如：
She left here at the beginning of this month. 她是本月初离开这儿的。
You’ll find this sentence at the beginning of this chapter. 你会在这一章的开头找到这个句子。
注：有时也用介词 in, 但不如用介词 at 普通。如：
It happened at [in] the beginning of this century. 此事发生在本世纪之初。
3. from the beginning 从开始，从一开始。如：
Recite the poem from the beginning. 从头开始背诵这首诗。
I was opposed to the plan from the beginning. 我从一开始就反对这个计划。
4. from beginning to end 从头至尾。如：
He knows the subject from beginning to end. 这个专题他了如指掌。
The whole story is a lie from beginning to end. 整篇报道是彻头彻尾的谎言。
behind
1. be behind with [in] 拖欠，拖延，不能如期完成。如：
He is never behind with [in] his work. 他工作从不拖拉。
He was behind in [with] his rent. 他拖欠了房租。
He helped a classmate who was behind with his homework. 他帮助一位没有按时完成作业的同班同学。
2. be behind in doing sth 做某事不落在后面。如：
The boy is behind in handing in homework. 这孩子没能按时交家庭作业。
He was never behind in offering suggestions. 他提建议从来不落在别人后面。
3. from behind 从后面。如：
He held her from behind. 他从后面抱住她。
They attacked us from behind. 他们从后面攻击我们。
注：有时 behind 是介词，其后可接宾语。如：
He came out from behind the door. 他从门后出来。
4. fall [drop] behind 落在后面。如：
I’ve fallen behind in work. 我工作落后了。
Some students dropped behind in their studies. 有的学生在学习上落在后面。
5. leave sth behind (某人)走后留下(掉下)某物。如： / 8)
What have we left behind? 我们走后留下什么了?
He left his umbrella behind. 他离开时没有把雨伞带走。
6. stay [remain] behind 留下，在别人后面留下。如：
He alone remained behind. 只有他一个人留下没走。
I had to stay behind after school. 放学后我还得留在学校。
being
1. bring sth into being 使某事物产生或发生。如：
What brought this into being? 是什么使它发生的?
注：有时可用被动语态。如：
A committee was called into being to discover the causes of the accident. 为了调查事故原因，成立了一个委员会。
2. come into being 发生，产生，诞生，成立。如：
When did the world come into being? 世界是何时开始的?
The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the October Revolution. 五四运动是在十月革命的号召下发生的。
注：come into being 是不及物动词，所以不要误用被动语态。
3. for the time being 暂时，目前，当前。如：
All is well, for the time being. 眼下一切顺利。
Let’s do it just for the time being. 让我们只是暂时做一下这件事。
believe
1. believe in sb [sth] 相信或信任某人或某物。如：
(1) 信仰(宗教或神等)。如：
He believes in God. 他信仰上帝。
(2) 相信……的存在。如：
Do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗?
(3) 信任，信赖。如：
Nobody believes in him. 没有人信任他。
比较：
I can believe him, but I can not believe in him. 我相信他说的话是真的，但是不相信他的为人。
(4) 相信……的真实性。如：
Do you believe in everything the Bible says? 你相信《圣经》中的每句话?
2. believe in doing sth 相信做某事有好处。如：
He believes in getting plenty of exercise. 他相信多做运动必有好处。
They believe in letting children make their own mistakes. 他们相信让孩子们自己出错有好处。
3. believe it or not 信不信由你。如：
Believe it or not, they got married soon. 信不信由你，他们不久就结婚了。
Believe it or not, he’s given me a loan. 信不信由你，他已把钱借给我。
belong
1. belong to
(1) 属于(某人所有)。如：
Does this book belong to you? 这本书是你的吗?
The house belongs to my grandfather. 这房子是我祖父的。
(2) 是……的成员。如：
What party do you belong to? 你是属于哪个党派的?
Do you belong to the tennis club? 你是网球俱乐部的吗?
benefit
1. benefit by [from] 受益于。如：
People who stole did not benefit from [by]ill-gotten gains. 窃贼们并未从不义之财中得到好处。
Will the ADS patients benefit from [by] the new drug? 这种药对艾滋病人有效吗?
2. benefit sb (sth) 对某人或某物有益，使某人或某物受益。如：
Sea air will benefit you. 海风将对你有益。
What he said benefited all the students. 他说的话使所有的学生受了益。
3. be of benefit 有益处。如：
This dictionary is of great benefit to students. 这本词典对学生很有益处。
That experience was of great benefit to me. 那次经历对我很有益。
4. for the benefit of 为了……的利益或好处。如：
I’ve done it for her benefit. 我做此事是为了她的利益。
He gave up smoking for the benefit of his health. 他戒烟是为了对健康有益。
5. have the benefit of 得益于，占……的光。如：
He had the benefit of a good education. 他得益于良好的教育。
bend
1. bend to [before] sb (sth) 向某人或某事屈服。如：
We won’t bend to [before] anyone. 我们不会向任何人屈服。
He didn’t want to bend to fate. 他不愿向命运低头。
2. bend……to 专心于，致力于。如：
He bent his mind [himself] to his new job. 他专心于他新的工作。
3. be bent on (doing) sth 决心采取某行动，专心于做某事。如：
He is bent on his work. 他专心于工作。
He is bent on winning at all costs. 他决心不惜一切代价去争取胜利。
beside
1. beside oneself with sth……得要命，非常。如：
She was beside herself with joy. 他欣喜若狂。
He was beside himself with toothache. 他牙痛得要命。
best
1. at (the) best至多，充其量，就最乐观的一面来看。如：
Life is short at best. 生命再长也是短暂的。
At best a few hundred people attended the meeting. 充其量只有几百人参加了会议。
We can’t arrive before Friday at best. 我们无论如何也无法在星期五以前赶到。
2. do [try] one’s best 尽力， 竭尽全力。如：
As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你尽力，我们就满意了。
It doesn’t matter if you don’t win---just try your best. 赢不了也没关系，只要努力即可。
注：其后有时可接不定式。如：
We did our best to help them. 我们尽力帮了他们。
3. had best 最好，应该。如：
You had best stay here. 你最好呆在这儿。
I think we had best sell it. 我想我们还是把它卖掉的好。
注：had best 与 had better 同义。
4. It’s best for sb to do sth 某人最好去做某事。如：
It’s best for us to start early. 我们最好早点出发。
It’s best for you to buy a dictionary. 你最好买台电脑。
5. make the best of 充分利用，尽量往好处做，将就用。如：
We must make the best of the fine weather. 我们必须要充分利用这好天气。
The only thing to do now is to make the best of things. 现在唯一的办法就是随遇而安。
better
1. be better off 更富裕，生活更好。如：
We are much better off now. 我们现在的生活好多了。
Today’s pensioners are better off than they used to be. 现在靠养老金生活的人比他们原来生活要更好些。
注：有时后接 without, 意为：没有……生活反而更好。如：
We’d be better off without them as neighbours. 要是没有他们这样的邻居，我们就会过得更愉快了。
2. be better off (doing sth) 最好做某事，做某事很明智。如：
He was better off giving her some flowers. 他给她送花，那是明智之举。
He’d be better off going to the police about it. 他最好把这件事报告警方。
3. get the better of 占上风，打赢，制服，克服。如：
I’ll get the better of him some day. 我总有一天要打赢他。
He tried to get the better of his sleepiness. 他试图克服自己的睡意。
4. had better 最好，应该。如：
You’d better go home now. 你最好现在回家去。
We’d better not tell her about it. 我们最好不要把这事告诉他。
注：had better 的否定式通常是在 better 后加 not。
5. It’s better for sb to do sth 某人最好做某事。如：
It’s better for you to sell the car. 你最好把汽车卖了。
It’s better for you to keep silent. 你最好什么也别说。
between
1. between...and...
(1) 在……之间。如：
I’ll phone you between lunch and three o’clock. 我将在午餐后三点钟以前给你打电话。
He felt something between laughter and anger. 他既觉得好笑，又感到气愤。
(2) 由于……和……(表示原因)。如：
Between the noise outside and lack of sleep, he couldn’t
concentrate. 由于外面的噪音加上睡眠不足，他无法专心。
注：between...and 不仅可连接两者，也可连接三者。如：
Luxemburg lies between France, Germany and Belgium. 卢森堡位于法国、德国和比利时之间。
Between cooking, writing and running the farm he was kept very busy. 他又是做饭，又是写作，还要打理农场，忙得不可开交。
2. between ourselves [you and me] 仅你我知道的秘密。如：
Between ourselves, I don’t think he will live much longer. 咱们私下说说，他活不久了。
Between you and me, he’s not very reliable. 这是只有你我之间才说，他不是很可靠。
3. in between 在……之间。如：
There are trees in between the buildings. 大楼之间有树。
It’s somewhere in between New York and Chicago. 它位于在纽约和芝加哥之间的某个地方。
注：有时可用作副词(即其后不接词)。如：
He has breakfast and supper and doesn’t eat anything in between. 他只吃早餐和晚餐，其间什么也不吃。
以上各用法中的介词 in 有时也可省略，而只用 between。
beyond
1. be beyond sb 因为太难而超出某人的能力。如：
The book is beyond the boy. 这本书这个孩子读不懂。
If it is beyond Jack, it is certainly beyond me. 如果杰克都不懂，我就更不懂了。
How people design computer games is beyond me. 我不明白电脑游戏是怎样设计的。
birth
1. at birth 在出生时。如：
He weighed eight pounds at birth. 他出生时重8磅。
2. by birth 出生，血统；天生，生来。如：
He’s French by birth. 他是法国血统。
She’s an actor by birth. 她是天生的演员。
2. give birth (to) 生(孩子)。如：
Here nobody gives birth at home. 这里没人在家里生孩子(指皆入产院)。
She gave birth to a fine healthy girl. 她生下一个健康可爱的女孩。
birthday
1. happy birthday 生日快乐。如：
A：Happy birthday (to you). (祝你)生日快乐。
B：Thank you. 谢谢。
2. Many happy returns of the day. 祝你长寿。如：
Happy birthday and many happy returns of the day. 生日快乐，健康长寿。
bit
1. a bit 有点儿，一点儿，相当。如：
The coat costs a bit too much. 这外套太贵了一点。
I tried to encourage him a bit. 我设法给了他一点鼓励。
She is a bit like my sister. 她有点像我姐姐。
注：a bit 可用于修饰形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等。在肯定句中它与 a little 大致同义。如：
He’s feeling a bit [a little] better. 他感觉好些了。
但是在否定句中，a bit 与 a little 区别很大。如：
I’m not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。
I’m not a little tired. 我很累。
2. a bit of
(1) 一点儿，有点儿。如：
He knows a bit of Russian. 他懂点儿法语。
She’s just out to do a bit of shopping. 她刚刚出去买点儿东西。
(2) 有点儿像，多少有几分……。如：
He is a bit of a poet. 他多少有点儿像诗人。
He is a bit of a coward. 他多少有几分怯懦。
(3) 微不足道的。如：
We’re having a bit of a party next week. 下个星期我们准备请几个客人小聚一次。
(4) 相当数量的，相当规模的，有一定困难的。如：
The humor of it takes a bit of finding. 这其中的幽默非仔细体会不可。
This new system takes a bit of getting used to. 这个新的制度要(人们)适应有一定困难。
3. bit by bit 一点一点地，逐渐地。如：
Bit by bit they accepted the idea. 他们慢慢地接受了这一想法。
He saved money bit by bit until he had enough to buy a car. 他一点一点地攒钱直到他能买一辆汽车。
注：有时也说 by bits。
blame
1. blame sb (sth) for sth
(1) 因为某事而责备某人。如：
He blamed me for negligence. 他责备我粗心大意。
I don’t blame you for doing that. 我不责备你做了那事。
(2) 把某事的责任归咎于某人。如：
He blamed his teacher for his failure. 他把自己的失败归罪于他的老师。
2. blame sth on sb (sth) 把某事的责任归咎于某人。如：
The driver blamed the accident on the cyclist. 司机把事故的责任归咎于骑自行车的人。
注：以上两类结构有时可互换，注意词序不同。如：
He blamed the failure on me. / He blamed me for the failure. 他把失败归咎于我。
3. be to blame for (doing) sth 对(做)某事应负责任。如：
You are not to blame for what happened. 对所发生的事不应该由你负责。
Which driver was to blame for the accident? 那个司机应该对事故负责?
Who is to blame for starting the fire? 火灾的引起应该由谁来负责?
4. put [lay] the blame (for sth) on sb (把某事)归咎于某人。如：
He put [laid] all the blame on me. 他把一切都归咎于我。
The judge put [laid] the blame for the accident on the driver of the car. 法官把事故的责任归咎于汽车司机。
blind
1. be blind in (眼睛)失明。如：
He is blind in both eyes. 他双目失明。
2. be blind to sth 对某事视而不见或一无所知。
He is completely blind to her faults. 他一点儿也觉察不到她的错误。
He was blind to all arguments. 和他有理讲不通。
3. the blind 瞎子，盲人。如：
In that country the blind have special jobs. 在那个国家瞎子有特别的职业。
4. turn a blind eye to sth 假装没看见。如：
The boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in the office. 老板有时对在办公室抽烟假装没看见。
board
1. on board 在船(车，火车)上。如：
Have the passengers gone on board? 旅客都已上船(飞机)了吗?
As soon as I’m on board, I always feel sick. 我一上船就想呕。
注：on board 可直接用作介词， 其后可直接跟表示车、船、飞机的名词。如：
He went on board the train just now. 他刚上火车。
Mr Smith is on board one of those ships. 史密斯先生在其中的一条船上。
There were ten people on board the plane. 当时飞机上有十个人。
boat
1. by boat 乘船。如：
We crossed the river by boat. 我们乘船过河。
注：by boat 有时可用 in a boat 代之。
2. go boating 去划船。如：
We go boating on the lake every weekend. 每个周末我们都到湖里去划船。
3. be in the same boat 处于同样(不利的)境况， 同舟共济。如：
If you lose your job, I’ll lose mine, so we’re in the same boat. 如果你失业，我也会失业，所以我们同舟共济。
body
1. body and soul 全心全意地，完完全全地。如：
He loves her body and soul. 他真心实意爱她。
He does his work body and soul. 他全心全意地工作。
2. in a body 全体，全部，整个。如：
They walked out in a body. 他们全体退席。
The villagers came to the meeting in a body. 村民们一齐来参加了会议。
borrow
1. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物。如：
He never borrows anything from anybody. 他从不向任何人借任何东西。
注：该结构中的介词 from 有时也用 of 代之，但不如用前者常用。如：
He wants to borrow some money from [of] her. 他想向她借点钱。
2. borrow trouble 自找麻烦，杞人忧天，庸人自忧。如：
Don’t borrow trouble by worrying about next year. 不要担心来年的事而庸人自忧。
both
1. both...and... 不但……而且……，既……又……。如：
He speaks both English and French. 他既说英语也说法语。
He can both speak and write Japanese. 他既能说日语也能写日语。
Both brother and sister are college students. 兄妹俩都是大学生。
注：both...and...作为并列连词，通常连接两个相同的句子成分。
2. both of 两者。如：
Both of us want to read the book. 我们俩都想读这本书。
Both of the brothers are clever. 两兄弟都很聪明。
注：both of 后接名词时，该名词必须带有 the, one’s, these等限定词。如：
正：both of the (my, these) children
误：both of children
bother
1. bother to do sth 费心做某事。如：
You needn’t bother to come up. 你不必费心来了。
Don’t bother to get dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。
注：该结构也可用 bother (about) doing sth 表示。如以上两句也可说成：
You needn’t bother (about) coming up.
Don’t bother (about) getting dinner for me.
2. bother oneself to do sth 费心做某事。如：
Don’t bother yourself to answer the letter. 请不必回复此信。
注：该结构也可用 bother oneself (about) doing sth 表示。如上面一句也可说成：
Don’t bother yourself (about) answering the letter.
3. bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事。如：
He’s always bothering me to lend him money. 他老是闹着要我借钱给他。
Don’t bother him to do it for you. 别去麻烦他去为你做这事。
4. bother with [about] sb (sth)关心某人(某事物)，为某人或某事费心或焦急。如： / 21 / 7)
They didn’t bother about [with] that. 他们对那件事并不感到焦急。
He never bother about [with] his children. 他从不关心他的孩子。
5. bother sb with [about] sth 用某事麻烦某人。如：
Don’t bother him with [about] it now; he’s very busy. 现在不要拿这个去打扰他，他很忙。
I’m sorry that I have to bother you with [about]this problem. 对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。
6. can’t be bothered to do sth 不愿为做某事而操心，嫌麻烦而不做某事。如：
He can’t be bothered to say hello. 他连打声招呼都不肯。
注：有时用 can’t be bothered with……。如：
I can’t be bothered with him. 我不会为他操心。
I can’t be bothered with waiting for a bus; let’s walk. 我不喜欢等公共汽车，咱们走路吧。
7. give sb bother 给某人添麻烦。如：
I didn’t want to give her any bother. 我不想给她添麻烦。
8. go to the bother of doing sth 费心做某事。如：
I’m not going to the bother of writing again. She never writes back. 我不想费心再给他写信了，他从不回信的。
9. have bother (in) doing sth 做某事费劲。如：
Did you have much bother (in) finding his office? 你是不是费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室?
We had quite a lot of bother (in) getting here because of the fog. 因为有雾，我们费了很大的事才到达这儿。
10. save sb (oneself) the bother of doing sth省得某人(自己)麻烦去做某事。如：
I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本来应该先给商店打个电话的，这样也就省得我走一趟。
bottom
1. at bottom 内心里，根本上，基本上，实际上。如：
She’s a kind person at bottom. 她实际上是个善良的人。
The principle at bottom is the same. 原则实际上没有变。
2. at the bottom
(1) 在底部。如：
There’s a hole at the bottom of the flower pot. 花盆底部有个洞。
Sign your name at the bottom of the page. 请在这页的最后签上你的名字。
注：有时根据一定的语境也可用介词 on, in 等。如：
There is some tea left in [at, on] the bottom of the cup. 有些茶叶留在茶杯底部。
(2) 在远处，在尽头。如：
The hospital is at the bottom of the street. 医院在街的尽头。
We grow vegetables at the bottom of our garden. 我们在花园的尽头种蔬菜。
(3) 在最后。如：
He is at the bottom of the class. 他在班上排名最后。
(4) 是……的根本原因。如：
Wine is at the bottom of his illness. 饮酒是他生病的根本原因。
3. bottoms up 干杯。如：
Bottoms up to you. 为你干杯。
He drank his whiskey almost bottoms up. 他把杯中的威士忌几乎喝得一滴不剩。
4. from the bottom of one’s heart 真诚地，衷心地。如：
Thank you from the bottom of my heart. 衷心感谢你。
I want to tell you from the bottom of my heart that I am truly sorry. 我要真诚地告诉你我的确感到很抱歉。
brave
1. It’s brave of sb to do sth 某人做某事很勇敢。
It is brave of you to do so. 你这样做真是很勇敢。
It was brave of her to enter the burning building. 她敢进入那燃烧的建筑，真是勇敢。
2. Sb is brave to do sth 某人做某事很勇敢。如：
He was brave to tell her the truth. 他敢告诉她实话，真是勇敢。
注：以上两类结构可互相转换。如上面一句也可写成：
It was brave of him to tell her the truth.
break
1. break away (from)
(1) 突然逃掉或离开。如：
The thief broke away from the policeman. 小偷从警察那逃脱了。
(2) 断绝往来，脱离。如：
He broke away from all his old friends. 他同他所有的老朋友断绝了往来。
(3) 改掉(旧习惯)，破除(旧作法)。如：
You must break away from such habits. 你必须改掉那些习惯。
2. break down
(1) (机器、车辆等)坏了。如：
The car broke down after an hour’s driving. 车子开了一个小时就坏了。
(2) (计划、谈判等)失败。如：
Our plans have broken down. 我们的计划已失败了。
(3) (谈话、通讯等)中断。如：
He broke down as he was singing. 他没唱完就突然停住了。
(4) (健康、精神等)变坏。如：
Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 工作的压力把他的身体弄垮了。
3. break in
(1) 突然进来，强行进入。如：
He broke in and stole my money. 他闯进来偷了我的钱。
(2) 插嘴，打岔。如：
He broke in with some ideas of his own. 他插话谈了自己的一些想法。
Please don’t break in on our conversation. 请不要打断我们的谈话。
The secretary broke in to say that a telegram had just arrived. 秘书插话说刚收到一个电报。
注：以上用法的 break in 通常是不及物的，但有时也用作及物动词，带宾语，表示：训练某人(物)，使某人(物)适应。如：
He is breaking in the new man as a machine operator. 我在训练那个新工人操作机器。
Two weeks in the new office should be enough to break you in. 在新办公室上两星期的班便足以让你适应了。
4. break into
(1) 强行进入。如：
The thieves planned to break into a bank. 这些小偷计划闯银行。
(2) 突然……起来。如：
Hearing the news, she broke into tears. 听到这个消息，她就哭了起来。
The man broke into a run when he saw the police. 那个人一看到警察，拨腿就跑。
(3) 打断，插嘴。如：
He broke into the discussion with a shout of warning. 他大声警告，打断了讨论。
(4) 占用时间。如：
Social activities break into my time. 社会活动占去了我的时间。
注：break into 与 break in 的有时可表示相同的意思，但前者通常为及物的，后者通常为不及物的。
5. break off
(1) 停止讲话。如：
He broke off in the middle of a sentence. 他一句话没讲完就停住了。
(2) 暂停，休息。如：
Let’s break up for a rest. 我们休息一会儿吧。
(3) (使)折断。如：
The mast has (been) broken off. 桅杆折断了。
6. break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生或爆发。如：
A fire broke out during the night. 夜间发生了火灾。
The 2nd World War broke out in September, 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。
Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常发生在冬季。
注：是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。
7. break through
(1) 突破，有重要创见。如：
Scientists say they’re beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. 科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。
(2) 克服，征服。如：
You must try to break through your shyness. 你必须要设法克服羞怯。
(3) 强行穿过(进入)。如：
The enemy’s defences were strong but our soldiers broke through. 敌人的防线很艰固，但仍为我军所突破。
注：有时指太阳、月亮等从云层里出来。如：
The sun broke through at last in the afternoon. 下午太阳终于从云层里钻了出来。
8. break up
(1) 解散，驱散。如：
The police broke up the crowd (the meeting). 警察驱散了人群(集会)。
(2) (学校等)放假。如：
When do you break up for Christmas? 你们什么时候放圣诞节假?
(3) 结束，破裂。如：
The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样要过去了。
Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。
(4) 击碎，撞碎。如：
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。
(5) 绝交。如：
She’s just broken up with her boy-friend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。
breakfast
1. at breakfast 在吃早餐(的时候)。如：
He was at breakfast when I came. 我来时他正在吃早餐。
I always drink tea at [during] breakfast. 我总是用早餐时饮茶。
2. for breakfast 为早餐(而吃东西)。如：
I have an egg for breakfast. 我早餐吃一只鸡蛋。
3. have breakfast 吃早餐。如：
They were having breakfast when I arrived. 我们到达时他们正在吃早餐。
bring
1. bring about 引起，实现，导致。如：
What brought about his illness? 他的病是怎样引起的?
Science has brought about many changes in our lives. 科学给我们的生活带来了很多变化。
2. bring (a)round
(1) 使改变观点或看法。如：
They tried to bring him round to their views. 他们试图让他改变看法同意他们的意见。
(2) 使苏醒。如：
I am sure our doctors will bring him around in no time. 我相信医生会很快把他治好。
(3) 顺便把某人带来串门。如：
Why don’t you bring your wife around to see us sometime. 为什么不把你妻子哪天带来玩玩?
3. bring back
(1) 送还，带回。如：
Please bring back the book tomorrow. 请明天送还这本书。
He brought me back in his car. 他用汽车把我送回家。
(2) 使想起，使恢复。如：
The old photo brought back many memories. 这张旧照片引起了许多回忆。
A week by the sea brought her back to health. 她在海滨呆了一周后就恢复了健康。
4. bring down
(1) 击落或打落(飞机、飞鸟等)。如：
We managed to bring down three of the enemy planes. 我们设法击落了三架敌机。
注：有时也表示：使落下。如：
The pilot brought his crippled plane down in a field. 飞行员把失灵的飞机降落在田野里。
(2) 打死或打伤(野兽、动物等)。如：
He aimed, fired and brought down the antelope. 他瞄准羚羊射击，把它打倒了。
(3) 使倒下，推翻。如：
The wind brought down a number of trees. 大风吹倒了一些树。
The scandal may bring down the government. 这一丑闻有可能使政府垮台。
(4) 降低(温度、价格、费用等)。如：
The government tried to bring down the price. 政府设法降低价格。
5. bring forth 产生，引起，结果。如：
Trees bring forth fruit. 树结果实。
She has brought forth a child. 她已生了一个孩子。
6. bring in
(1) 收获(庄稼等)。如：
We brought in a good harvest last year. 我们去年获得了好的收成。
(2) 获利，(使)得到(收入)。如：
The sale of the house only brought in about $45，000. 房子只卖了大约45000美元。
(3) 介绍，引进。如：
He brought in six new members last month. 他上个月介绍了六位新会员。
(4) 聘请。如：
They’ve brought in experts to advise on the scheme. 他们已聘请专家对这项计划提出意见。
(5) 逮捕，抓入警察局。如：
Two suspicious characters were brought in. 两个可疑的人被逮捕。
7. bring off
(1) 从船上救出。如：
The lifeboat brought off all the crew. 救生船把船上所有船员都救了出来。
(2) 成功，设法做成。如：
It was a difficult task but I brought it off. 那是项困难的工作，但我还是终于把它完成了。
8. bring on
(1) 带来，造成，引起。如：
Dirt often bring on diseases. 脏东西常常引起疾病。
He was out in the rain all day and this brought on a bad cold. 他在外面淋了一天雨，因此患了重感冒。
(2) 促使成长或生长。如：
The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely. 因为天气炎热，小麦长势良好。
(3) 帮助(学习者等)进步或提高。如：
More study can bring on your English. 多花点时间学习可以提高你的英语水平。
9. bring out
(1) 取出，拿出。如：
He brought out his dictionary and looked the word up init. 他拿出词典来查这个词。
(2) 显示出，揭示出，衬托出，使出来。如：
It brought out the meaning of the poem. 它揭示出了这首诗的意义。
This picture is very clear and brings out the wrinkles in her face. 这张照片很清晰，把她脸上的皱纹都照了出来。
The sunshine will bring out the blossom. 阳光将使花儿开放。
(3) 出版(书刊等)，推出(作品、产品等)。如：
He has brought two new books at the same time. 他同时出版了两本新书。
This factory has brought out a new type of car. 这家工厂生产了一种新型汽车。
10. bring over 说服，使改变(思想等)。如：
You can’t bring me over by such an argument. 你这样的论点不能改变我的看法。
11. bring through 使度过(困难，危机等)。如：
They brought him through the cold winter. 他们帮他度过严冬。
He was very ill, but the doctors brought him through. 他病得很严重，但医生使他转危为安。
12. bring together 使和解。如：
I’m not sure that John and his wife can be brought together. 我不敢说约翰与他妻子能和好如初。
13. bring up
(1) 提出，提起。如：
Why brought that up again? 又提它干吗?
In the course of study they brought up many questions. 在学习过程中他们提出了许多问题。
(2) 抚养，培养。如：
He was brought up in the country. 他在农村长大。
She brought up five children. 他抚养了五个孩子。
(3) 呕吐。如：
He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得很重，什么都吐了出来。
14. bring sb sth 拿某物给某人。如：
Bring me today’s paper. 请把今天的报纸给我拿来。
Could you bring me that chair? 请帮我把那把椅子拿来好吗?
注：该结构也可说成 bring sth to sb。如上面两句也可说成：
Bring today’s paper to me.
Could you bring that chair to me?
build
1. build sb sth 为某人建(做)某物。如：
They built me a house. 他们为我建了一座房子。
His father built him a model plane. 他父亲给他做了一架模型飞机。
注：该句型也可改为 built sth for sb, 如以上各句也可说成:
They built a house for me.
His father built a model plane for him.
2. build sth into sth
(1) 把某物建在另一物里面。如：
He built a bookcase into the wall. 他在墙里建了个书橱。
注：该结构中的介词 into 也可换成 in。
(2) 将某事物加入另一事物中(尤指把条款写入合同等)。如：
We built an extra clause into the contract. 我们把一项额外条款写入了合同中。
(3) 把某物建设成另一物。如：
We’re working hard to build China into a prosperous powerful socialist country. 我们正在努力工作，把中国建设成为一个繁荣富强的社会主义国家。
注：有时用于人。如：
He has built his boys into men. 他已把自己的孩子培养成大人。
3. be built of 由……建成。如：
All the houses there were built of wood. 那里所有的房子都是用木头盖的。
4. build sth on [upon] sth
(1) 将一事物作为另一事物的基础。如：
The engine is built on a new principle. 这种发动机是根据一种新的原理制造出来的。
(2) 指望，依靠，把……寄托于。如：
You can build on his honesty. 你可以信赖他的诚实可靠。
Don’t build too many hopes on [upon] his promises. 不要对他的承诺抱太多的希望。
注：该结构中的介词 on 有时也可用 upon。
5. build sth out of sth 用某物做(建)成另一物。如：
Birds build their nests out of twigs. 鸟用细树枝筑巢。
They built me a model ship out of wood. 他们用木头为我做了一个船的模型。
6. build up
(1) 增强，加强，逐渐形式。如：
The clouds are building up. 云层正在聚集起来。
Exercise builds up the muscles. 锻炼增强肌肉。
Our pressure on the enemy is building up. 我们对敌人的压力正在逐渐加强。
(2) 夸奖，吹捧。如：
Don’t build me up too much. 别把我夸得太过分了。
burn
1. burn away 烧掉，烧毁。如 ：
The pile of paper burned away to nothing. 这堆已化为灰烬。
2. burn down 烧掉，烧毁。如：
A number of houses were burned down in the fire. 在火灾中烧掉了不少房子。
3. burn off 烧毁，烧尽。如：
The farmers are burning off the stubble from the fields. 农民正把地里的庄稼茬烧掉。
4. burn out 烧完，烧掉，烧坏。如：
The building was burned out and only the walls remained. 大楼被烧空了，只剩下墙。
The engine is [has] burned out. 引擎被烧坏了。
5. burn up
(1) 烧完，烧尽。如：
We burned up all the dead leaves in the garden. 我们把花园里所有的枯叶都烧掉了。
(2) 烧得很旺。如：
As we gazed, the fire burned up again. 我们正看着时，火又重新燃烧起来。
burst
1. be bursting to do sth 急于要做某事。如：
He was bursting to tell her the news. 他急于要告诉她这条消息。
2. burst forth 突然出现，突然爆发出，突然喊出。如：
A broad smile burst forth on his face. 他顿时笑容满面。
A cry of horror burst forth from the crowd. 人群中突然发出恐惧的叫喊声。
"Why don’t you behave? " he burst forth. “你为什么不放规矩一点呢? ”他大声喊。
3. burst into
(1) 突然闯入。如：
Don’t burst into my bedroom without knocking. 请不要不敲而贸然闯入我的卧室。
(2) 突然……起来。如：
She burst into tears (laughter, song). 她突然哭(笑， 唱)起来。
The entire hall burst into thunderous cheers. 全场发出了雷鸣般的欢呼。
注：这样用的 burst into 后通常接具有动作意义的名词。
4. burst out
(1) 大声叫喊。如：
"I don’t believe it"， he burst out. “我不相信”，他大声说道。
注：这样用的 burst out 与 burst forth 同义。
(2) 突然……起来。如：
She burst out crying (laughing, singing). 她突然哭(笑，唱)起来。
注：这样用的 burst out 后通常接动名词。
bury
1. bury sth in sth 使某物陷入另一物之中。如：
The dog buried its teeth in my leg. 那条狗咬住了我的腿。
注：有时用被动语态。如：
He walked slowly, his hands buried in this pockets. 他慢慢地走着，两手插在口袋里。
2. bury oneself in sth 专心于，埋头于，沉浸于。如：
He buried himself in his work (studies). 他埋头于工作(学习)。
注：有时用被动语态。如：
He was buried in grief. 他沉浸于悲痛之中。
He was buried in thought. 他在沉思。
bus
1. by bus 乘公共汽车。如：
He went home by bus. 他乘公共汽车回家。
注：有时也用 on [in] the bus。如：
He came here on [in] a bus. 他是乘公共汽车来的。
2. catch (miss) the bus 赶上(错过)公共汽车。如：
I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车。
Fortunately he caught the last bus. 幸亏他赶上末班车。
3. change buses 换车。如：
You’d have to change buses at least twice. 你至少要换两次车。
business
1. business is business 公事公办(即不讲交情等)。如：
Bill may be a friend but business is business, and he’s not the best man for the job. 比尔可以算是朋友，但公事公办，他不是做这项工作最适合的人选。
2. do business with sb 与某人做生日。如：
It’s a pleasure to do business with you. 同你做生意很愉快。
We don’t do much business with foreign companies. 我们跟外国公司没有多少生意来往。
3. get down to business 认真干事，开始谈正经事。如：
It’s time we got down to business. 我们该认真办事了(讨论实质问题了)。
4. have no business doing [to do] sth无权做某事，没有理由做某事。如：
You’ve no business to say that. 你无权说那样的话。
He had no business going swimming that day. 他那天不该去游泳。
5. in business 在经商。如：
He is no longer in business. 他不再经商。
Most of my family are in business. 我们一家大多数经商。
6. mind one’s own business 管自己的事，不干涉别人的事。如：
A：Where did you go last night? 昨晚你去那儿去了?
B：Mind your own business. 你少管闲事。
7. none of one’s business 与某人无关，不关某人的事。如：
It’s none of your business. 这不关你的事(你少管闲事)。
I know it’s none of my business, but what did you decide?
我知道这不关我的事，但我还是想请问你作出了什么决定呢?
注：有时也说 no business of sb’s。如：
It’s no business of yours. 这不关你的事。
8. on business 因公，出差，办事。如：
No admittance except on business. 非公莫入。
I’m here on business, not for pleasure. 我是来办公事，不是来玩的。
busy
1. as busy as a bee 很忙。如：
He is as busy as a bee. 他很忙。
The children are as busy as bees, helping their mother in the garden. 孩子们在忙个不停地在花园里帮母亲干活。
2. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事。如：
She was busy writing letters. (当时)她正忙着写信。
He’s busy getting ready for the journey. 他正忙于上路。
注：有时动名词前可以有介词 in, 但以省略为常见。
3. be busy with [at] sth 忙于做某事。如：
He’s busy at [with] his homework. 他正忙着做家庭作业。
注：有时可用其它介词。如：
be busy with [at, in, over, about] one’s work 忙于工作
but
1. but for 若不是，要不是。如：
But for his pension, he would starve. 要不是他有养老金，他就会挨饿了。
But for your help, we should not have finished in time. 要不是你帮忙，我们就不及时完工。
注：but for 通常与虚拟语气连用。
2. can but 只能，只好，充其量不过。如：
I can but wait. 我只能等着。
I can but lose a few days’ rest. 我充其量不过是少休息几天。
注：can but 后通常接动名词原形。
3. cannot but do sth 不得不做某事，禁不住。如：
I cannot but admire him. 我不得不佩服他。
Seeing the boy’s funny face, I could not but laugh. 看到那孩子的滑稽面孔，我禁不住笑了。
注：cannot but 后通常接动名词原形。
buy
1. buy sb sth 给某人买某物。如：
Let me buy you a drink. 我来给你买杯饮料。
My uncle bought me an English dictionary. 我叔叔为我买了本英语词典。
注：该句型也可用以下带有介词 for 的句型改写。如上面后一句也可说成：
My uncle bought an English dictionary for me.
2. buy sth from sb 向某人买某物。如：
He bought this watch from a friend. 他从一位朋友那儿买了这块手表。
3. buy sth for some money 用钱买某物。如：
I bought the bike for $50. 我花50美元买了这辆自行车。
He bought it for very little money. 他买它只花了一点点钱。
注：有时也用介词 at, 侧重指价格。如：
He bought them for [at] 10p each. 他以每个10便士的价格买下了它们。
by
1. by bus (train) 乘公共汽车(火车)。如：
He came by bus. 他是乘公共汽车来的。
He went there by train. 他是坐火车去那儿的。
注：这类结构通常不用冠词，类似的表达有：
by car 坐小汽车by plane 坐飞机
by ship 坐船by bike 骑自行车
2. by doing sth 通过做某事。如：
He makes a living by teaching. 他以教书为生。
Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left. 锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。
3. by and by 不久。如：
He will come back by and by. 他不久就会回来。
By and by they got married. 不久他们就结了婚。
注：不要将该短语误理解为“逐渐”。如：
他的身体慢慢好起来了。
正：His health improves gradually.
误：His health improves by and by.
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