英语写作万能对策（备考英语写作同义替换神器）

英文写作中一个重要原则就是避免重复，同义词替换。中文重重复，英语重变化。

如果段首句这么写：第一段sth. is important，第二段sth. is also important，第三段sth. is important too，这样的句子出现在作文中，立意、逻辑再高深，成绩也不可能高。

无论什么类型的英文写作考试，在一篇文章里面，特别是相邻比较近的地方，尽量不要使用相同的字词。除非像冠词、代词、连词、介词，助动词，情态动词这样的虚词。

这一点在英语中很容易实现，因为英语同义词，近义词数量极其庞大，但是替换的时候最好使用自己对于确切含义、用法、搭配、褒义贬义，比较有把握的词汇。

替换有很多类型，比如最简单的对单个词的替换（以下例句均出自《新概念英语》）：

There is only onedifference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rubis. (NCE4-5)

Economy is one powerfulmotive for camping, since after the initial outlay uponequipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far lessthan the cost of hotels. (NCE4-47)

Although mankind hasundergone no general improvement inintelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress inthe accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge began to increase as soon as thethoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by means of speech.With the invention of writing, a great advance was made, forknowledge could then be not only communicated but also stored. (NCE4-22)

替换时思路要灵活，这种替换不仅仅限于单个词，有时候可能是短语的替换：有些时候它们的词性和搭配完全不同，但表达的意思却非常类似，比如以下的例句：

Burglar alarms goingoff at any time of the day or night serve only toannoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profoundirritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?)that dogs barking incessantly in the nightrated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. (NCE3-47)

Children alwaysappreciate small gifts of money. Mum or dad, of course,provide a regular supply of pocket money, but unclesand aunts are always a source of extra income. (NCE3-15)

Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay's cat. (NCE3-19)

Except for one or twoplaces such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpinevillage tended to be impoverished settlements cut offfrom civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheeseaccompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. (NCE4-3)

A Frenchman, forinstance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. Inthe same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing ina joke witch would make an Englishman laugh to tears. (NCE3-29)

It isimpossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives. For him, caves have thesame peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. Theyarouse instincts which can only be dimly understood. (NCE3-42)

此外，如果实在同义词替换不了，还可以用上义词（superordinate）替换，比如我在示范的GRE Argument作文中给出的片段：

Moreover, in the past two years other nearbycities may have begun to build similar golf courses or resort hotels. Indeed, the fact that Ocean View has alreadybuilt these facilities might actually portendfailure for Hopewell, …（“facilities”已经包含了“golf courses”和“resort hotels”的含义）

再看下面的例子：

The lorry was loaded withempty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road. (NCE3-33)

Giant pandasare considered a national treasure and the Chinese government are doing theirbest to protect this endangered species.

同义词替换这个工作在平时练笔的时候就要有意识地注意，如果替换时没有把握最好借助软件或电子字典的帮助。

主要参考资料有四个：word；lingoes；韦氏字典；朗文字典，公众号回复『写作神器』有详细的下载地址和安装方法。

下面看看具体怎么使用：

首先可以借助word这个软件。比如A is very important. 要替换important这个字，可以用鼠标左键先把important刷黑，点击右键，再选同义词即可（见下图）。这是最简单的方法，但效果一般，没有解释，只能给你一个提示。

英语写作万能对策（备考英语写作同义替换神器）(1)

或者可以借助lingoes（灵格斯词霸），同时下载安装好Roget's II: The NewThesaurus 英语同义词词典，比如同样查important 的同义词，输入important回车，在左侧字典列表中选择Roget's II: The New Thesaurus，即可（见下图），也可以点击某个同义词反查含义。

英语写作万能对策（备考英语写作同义替换神器）(2)