Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization

世界卫生组织总干事 谭德塞博士

Geneva, Switzerland

瑞士日内瓦

3 July 2017

2017年7月3日

谭德塞博士提案（谭德塞博士WHO就职讲话）(1)

Today, it is my pleasure and privilege to join and stand before you as the new Director-General of the World Health Organization. Our World Health Organization.

今天，我荣幸地来到这里，以世界卫生组织新任总干事的身份加入你们的行列。这是我们的世界卫生组织。

Let me start with the moral centre of our work, with this simple but crucial statement: WHO’s work is about serving people, about serving humanity. It’s about serving people regardless of where they live, be it in developing or developed countries, small islands or big nations, urban or rural settings. It’s about serving people regardless of who they are. Poor or rich, displaced or disabled, elderly or the youth. Most importantly, it’s about fighting to ensure the health of people as a basic human right. Health is a basic human right, that you fully understand.

我想从我们工作的道德核心开始说起，在此做一个简单但至关重要的表述：世卫组织的工作意味着为人民服务，为人类服务。无论人们生活在哪里，在发展中国家还是发达国家，小岛屿国家还是大国，城市还是农村，都要为他们服务。为人民服务还意味着不论他们是谁，贫穷还是富裕，流离失所还是患有残疾，老者还是年轻人，都要为他们服务。最重要的是，世卫组织要努力确保人民的健康，这是一项基本人权。健康是一项基本人权，你们对此已有充分认识。

It’s about a child who gets to see adulthood or about a parent who watches their child survive and thrive. It’s about a community living disease-free or an entire country or region that’s better prepared for health emergencies or for climate change.

世卫组织的工作意味着孩子能够长大成人，父母能够看着自己的孩子生存下来并健康成长。世卫组织的工作还意味着社区能够摆脱疾病或整个国家或区域能够更好地为突发卫生事件或气候变化做出准备。

Without health, people have nothing. Without health, we have nothing as humanity.

没有健康，人们就一无所有。没有健康，我们人类就一无所有。

That’s why our work here at the World Health Organization is so important. WHO’s work is about helping people to protect and to improve their health. This is our collective vision: a world where everyone can achieve healthy and productive lives no matter who they are or where they live.

这就是为什么我们在世卫组织的工作如此重要。世卫组织的工作就是要帮助人们保护和改善健康。这是我们的共同愿景：使全世界每个人，无论他们是谁，也无论生活在何处，都能过上健康而有益的生活。

My transition, as you know, has been very short, just over four weeks, but also very busy. I have been listening intensely and appreciated all the advice I have received from you and others.

正如你们所知，我的过渡期十分简短，只有四个多星期，而且非常繁忙。我一直在认真倾听，感谢你们还有其他人向我提供的所有建议。

Let me outline, for today, three areas that I will focus on.

今天，我想简单讲一下将要重点关注的三个方面：

Implementing leadership priorities and measuring results.

落实领导重点并衡量成果；

Delivering results, value for money, efficiency and earning trust.

取得成果，讲究资金效益和效率，并赢得信任；

Reinforcing a talented, motivated and engaged staff.

加强有才能和积极肯干的员工队伍。

I’ll start with number one: implementing leadership priorities and measuring results.

首先来说第一条：落实领导重点并衡量成果。

During the transition, I met with the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres who emphasized WHO’s opportunity and responsibility to lead on health and the Sustainable Development Goals. As you know, I ran with four clear substantive priorities plus a promise to transform WHO. These priorities came from WHO Member States. I was elected with an overwhelming mandate. I feel obliged by this clear mandate to implement the priorities.

在过渡期间，我会见了联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯，他强调世卫组织有机遇也有责任在卫生和可持续发展目标方面发挥领导作用。正如你们所知，我竞选时提出了四个明确的实质性工作重点，并对世卫组织变革作出了承诺。这些工作重点出自会员国。我当选后肩负着重任，我必须履行这项明确的任务，落实工作重点。

These priorities are:

这些工作重点包括：

· universal health coverage

· health emergencies

· women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health

· health impacts of climate and environmental change

Of this, universal health coverage is at the centre.

其中，全民健康覆盖是核心所在。

I have said many times during the campaign that all roads lead to universal health coverage. For me, the key question of universal health coverage is an ethical one. Do we want our fellow citizens to die because they are poor? Universal health coverage, as I said earlier, is a human rights issue. And the responsibility of national governments. It’s not only a technical matter but even more so a political one. Countries should compare their results to their peers and learn from each other.

我在竞选期间曾多次说过，所有道路都通向全民健康覆盖。对我而言，普及卫生保健的关键问题是伦理问题。我们是否愿意让自己的同胞因贫穷而死去？正如我刚才所说，全民健康覆盖是一个人权问题，是国家政府的责任。这不仅是一个技术问题，更是一个政治问题。各国应将其成果与其它国家进行比较，并相互学习。

About 400 million people have no access, as you know, to even basic health care. Many more have access but will endure financial hardship. During the coming weeks, we will be looking at how best to implement the relevant Sustainable Development Goal, achieving universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services, and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all.

你们知道，目前约有4亿人连基本的卫生保健都无法获得。还有更多的人虽能获得但将承受经济困难。在接下来的几周内，我们将考虑如何能最好地实施相关的可持续发展目标，实现全民健康覆盖，包括金融风险保护，使人人享有高质量基本保健服务，人人获得安全、有效、优质和负担得起的基本药物和疫苗。

Health emergencies will also be the litmus test for WHO. This topic is also closely related to universal health coverage because our goal is to prevent outbreaks from becoming epidemics at their roots. And this happens at the country level, based on strong health systems which robustly implement the International Health Regulations. Universal health coverage and health emergencies are cousins, two sides of the same coin.

突发卫生事件也将是世卫组织的试金石。这个议题也与全民健康覆盖密切相关，因为我们的目标是从根源上防止疫情流行。而这要在国家一级实现，就要依赖强大的卫生系统来有力地实施《国际卫生条例》。全民健康覆盖和突发卫生事件密切相关，是同一事物的两个方面。

We learned important lessons from Ebola. The task is now to make sure these lessons are effectively implemented. The next outbreak can occur tomorrow and WHO needs to be prepared. We have a new programme in health emergencies which is integrated into headquarters and the regions and country offices. I had the chance to observe the recent Ebola response in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and gained confidence that WHO is implementing its reforms. But we need to do more. If you read the report of the Independent Oversight and Advisory Committee prepared for the World Health Assembly, you will see that they think WHO has made progress in implementing reforms, but they also think that it’s not fast enough. We mustn’t let this happen. I have met with the leaders of the Health Emergencies Programme and I am committed to making sure the world is prepared for the next epidemic.

我们从埃博拉吸取了重要的经验教训。现在的任务是确保这些经验教训得到有效实施。下一次疫情可能就在明天发生，世卫组织必须做好准备。我们在突发卫生事件方面建立了一个新规划，并已将其整合到总部以及区域和国家办事处。我有机会目睹了最近在刚果民主共和国开展的埃博拉应对行动，更加相信世卫组织正在落实改革。但是，我们需要做更多的工作。如果你们读一下为世界卫生大会编写的独立监督和咨询委员会的报告，就会看到委员们认为世卫组织在实施改革方面已经取得了进展，但是速度还不够快。我们不能允许发生这种情况。我已经同突发卫生事件规划的领导层见面，我决心要确保世界为下一次疫情做好准备。

Women, children and adolescents are a central focus for universal health coverage and also the most vulnerable and at risk in health emergencies. Did you know that about half of the deaths of women and children are in a humanitarian context? WHO is fully committed to Every Woman Every Child and its areas of focus, including early child development, adolescent health and well-being. Quality, equity and dignity in services as well. Plus, sexual and reproductive health and rights, empowerment of women, girls and communities. And also, of course, humanitarian and fragile settings. While health emergencies hit quickly, climate change is a slow-motion disaster. WHO must play a strategic and decisive role not only in adaptation but also in mitigation.

妇女、儿童和青少年是全民健康覆盖的核心重点，也是突发卫生事件中最为脆弱的风险人群。你们可知道妇女儿童死亡中约有一半发生在人道主义环境中？世卫组织全面致力于“每个妇女每个儿童”倡议及其重点领域，包括儿童早期发展、青少年的健康与福祉。还致力于服务质量、公平和尊严，以及性和生殖卫生与权利，增强妇女、女童和社区的权能。当然还要考虑人道主义和脆弱的环境。突发卫生事件会带来快速打击，而气候变化则是一场缓慢发生的灾难。世卫组织在调整适应和减轻影响方面都必须发挥战略和决定性作用。

Finally, for WHO to be effective in supporting countries, we need to have technical expertise in health challenges countries face: communicable diseases including polio, HIV, TB, malaria, hepatitis and neglected tropical diseases and noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, chronic pulmonary diseases, cancer, diabetes, mental health, addictions, accidents and injuries, you name it.

最后，为了使世卫组织能够有效地支持国家，我们需要在国家所面临的卫生挑战方面具有技术专长，这些挑战包括：脊灰、艾滋病、结核病、疟疾、肝炎和被忽视的热带病等传染病以及非传染性疾病，例如心血管疾病、慢性肺病、癌症、糖尿病、精神卫生、成瘾、事故和伤害等等。

To single out just one vital example, this year, to date, we have had only 6 polio cases in the world. During my tenure, and together, we hope to meet the very last polio victim.

我仅列举一个重要例子，今年迄今为止，世界上只发生了6起脊灰病例。在我任职期间，通过共同努力，我们希望见到脊灰最后一例受害者。

However, countries want holistic offerings from universal health care coverage that can be flexible to their needs. These individual areas of expertise are like the players on a football team. Each needs to be strong to win. But without teamwork, we will not win. Our team needs to work as one. Our team needs a captain. And universal health coverage is the captain of the team.

然而，各国希望通过全民健康覆盖来全面提供可以灵活满足其需求的服务。这一个个单独专业领域就像一支足球队的球员。每位球员都要强大才能赢得胜利。但如果没有团队合作，我们就不会赢。我们这支团队需要作为一个整体开展工作。这支团队需要一个领队。全民健康覆盖便是这个团队的领队。

And the second of what I wanted to say today is on delivering results, value for money, efficiency and earning trust.

我今天想说的第二点是取得成果，讲究资金效益和效率，并赢得信任。

I said many times during my campaign that WHO must deliver value for money. This requires first and foremost that we develop a culture of results. We are very fortunate to have the Sustainable Development Goals. These indicators are the agreed results, the framework for the world, especially at the country level.

我在竞选期间曾多次表示，世卫组织必须实现资金效益。这首先需要我们建立一种成果文化。我们非常幸运地握有可持续发展目标。这些目标的指标是商定的成果，是世界的框架，特别是在国家一级。

A key priority for me is to enhance our approach to resource mobilization among donors, old and new. And that has to start by building confidence among partners, that WHO will deliver results and impact. I want WHO to be synonymous with results. And that is doable. At the same time, we must recognize that WHO is the world’s platform for global health. It’s the only venue where all governments, along with other stakeholders, come together to discuss and decide fundamental issues in global health. If the platform did not exist, we would need to create it. This global governance function is the infrastructure of global health and the global public good.

我的一个主要工作重点是加强我们在新老捐助者中的资源筹集方法。这首先必须在伙伴中间建立信心，使其相信世卫组织将交付成果并带来影响。我希望世卫组织成为成果的代名词。这是可以做到的。同时，我们必须认识到，世卫组织是推动全球卫生的世界平台，是所有政府以及其它利益攸关方聚集在一起讨论和决定全球卫生领域基本问题的唯一场所。如果不存在这样一个平台，我们就要创建它。这项全球治理职能是全球卫生和全球公益的基础。

WHO has a rightful role and is an undisputed leader in global health. When I met with the UN Secretary-General, he reinforced this role. However, I also want WHO to work with any partner, public or private, who can help improve health. We want to be the partner of choice and this has to go beyond our WHO brand to how we actually work together to improve outcomes for the poor.

世卫组织在全球卫生领域具有合法的作用，是无可争议的领导者。我与联合国秘书长会面时，他强调了这一作用。但是，我也希望世卫组织能与任何有助于改善健康的公共或私营伙伴合作。我们希望成为首选的合作伙伴，这就必须超越世卫组织的惯行做法，去研究如何才能真正共同努力改善穷人的结局。

I also fully understand from my experience that results happen at the country and local level. So I will be looking for ways to increase our emphasis on country level work in concert with the regions to meet the needs of countries and to optimize our results. We have to strengthen our country offices and need to ensure that heads of country offices are equipped not only with super technical capacity but also with political leadership and resource mobilization skills. In order to ensure our resources and efficiency, we need to have cohesion across all levels of the Organization: country offices, regional offices and headquarters. That’s why I will continue building upon the Global Policy Group in order to have shared vision and accountability at all levels.

我从自身的经验也充分认识到，成果出在国家和地方一级。所以我将设法与各区域协调一致，进一步重视国家一级的工作，以满足各国的需求，并优化我们的成果。我们必须加强我们的国家办事处，并且需要确保国家办事处负责人不仅具备超强的技术能力，而且还具备政治领导和资源筹集技能。为了确保我们的资源和效率，我们需要在本组织所有层级：国家办事处，区域办事处和总部凝聚力量。这就是为什么我将继续加强全球政策小组，以便在各个层级拥有共同的愿景和责任。

We also need to become more efficient in our operations. Let me give you two examples that came to my attention during my interactions with WHO management and other stakeholders after my election. First, I was extremely surprised to learn that there are over 3000 separate grants managed by the World Health Organization. Just think about the transaction costs. This is unacceptable. I faced a similar situation in Ethiopia and developed the one plan, one budget and one report concept. I am cognizant that we cannot go from 3000 grants to one. I understand that. But it does illustrate how we need to radically overhaul and harmonize WHO’s business model and resource mobilization.

我们还需要提高我们业务工作的效率。在我当选之后，我与世卫组织管理层和其他利益攸关方进行了互动，期间有两个情况引起了我的注意。第一，我非常惊讶地得知世卫组织管理着3000多份不同赠款。仅交易成本就可想而知。这令人无法接受。我在埃塞俄比亚曾遇到类似的情况，我确立了单一计划，单一预算和单一报告的概念。我知道我们不可能将3000份赠款合并为一份。这我能理解。但这确实表明我们需要彻底改革和协调世卫组织的业务模式和筹资工作。

My second example from my engagement is, among a lot actually, the recent uproar over travel costs. I am reviewing the situation thoroughly and will ensure that our resources are used efficiently. We have to be good stewards of our resources. But I think the commitment of all of us will be necessary, but including our partners.

我当选以来注意到的第二个情况（当然还有许多其它情况）是，最近对旅行费用的意见颇多。我正在彻查这方面的状况，并将确保我们的资源得到有效利用。我们必须良好地管理我们的资源。我认为我们所有人，包括我们的合作伙伴，都必须作出承诺。

I have already started consultations with Member States, donors and partners on how to harmonize and modernize our resource mobilization. This will be a critical area I will be focusing on and I will ensure that WHO is adequately and appropriately funded with emphasis on expanding the donor base. From what we discussed so far, I see positive developments that will really transform the way we mobilize resources. I hope through concrete actions on results, value for money and efficiency, WHO will earn trust among Member States, partners and donors, old and new, who will want to step up and not only increase their contributions for our collective live-saving work, but also become champions of our common cause.

我已经开始与会员国、捐助者和合作伙伴就如何以协调和现代化方式筹集资源进行磋商。这将是我重点关注的一个关键领域，我将确保世卫组织获得充分和适当的资助，并着重扩大捐助者基础。从我们迄今开展的讨论，我看到了能真正改变我们筹资方式的积极进展。我希望通过对成果、资金效益和效率采取具体行动，世卫组织能赢得会员国、新老伙伴和捐助者的信任，他们会愿意站出来，不仅愿意为我们挽救生命的集体工作捐赠更多资金，而且愿意捍卫我们的共同事业。

And the third issue I would like to talk about today is reinforcing a talented, motivated and engaged staff. During the transition, I have focused first and foremost on WHO staff. My first meeting was actually with the WHO Staff Association.

我今天想说的第三条是加强有才能和积极肯干的员工队伍。在过渡期间，我首先关注世卫组织的工作人员。事实上，我的第一次会议是与世卫组织职工协会召开的。

If WHO is not healthy internally, then it will not be able to interact effectively externally.

如果世卫组织在内部不够坚强有力，那么将无法在外部开展有效互动。

In my acceptance speech in May, I promised staff, that I value you, and I will listen to you. And that’s what I did for the last four weeks. We have a amazing and dedicated staff. I have seen this in the last four weeks. And I believe that staff are our greatest asset more than even ever before. We should take pride in serving humanity.

我在五月接受任命的演讲中，向工作人员们保证，我会重视你们，聆听你们。这便是我过去四周中所做的。我们拥有一支了不起和敬业的员工队伍。这是我在过去四周中看到的。我认为工作人员现在比以往任何时候都更加是我们最大的财富。我们在为人类服务，应当为此感到自豪。

And as I said earlier, my very first meeting after my election was with the representatives of the WHO Headquarters Staff Association Committee and I will be meeting their counterparts in the regions as well. I told them I will always listen. My answer will not always be “yes” but when it’s “no” I will give my reasons and I will engage them in the decision. But the 10 issues they raised, on many of them, we have the same position. And I was really happy to see that. I also told them that I will act on their concerns and started acting swiftly. And that we have on most of the issues a common position.

正如我刚才所说，我当选后的第一次会议是与世卫组织总部的职工协会委员会召开的，我也将与各区域的职工协会委员会见面。我告诉他们我会永远倾听。我的回答不会总是“肯定的”，但如果我的回答是“否定的”，我会给出理由并且会让他们参与决定。不过就他们提出的10个问题，我们对其中很多都持有相同立场。我非常高兴看到这一点。我也告诉他们，我会就他们的关切采取行动，我现在已开始迅速行动起来。而且我们对大多数问题都有共同的立场。

During the transition, I met each of the Regional Directors individually and collectively. I also met headquarters assistant directors-general and directors on several occasions to listen to their great ideas. I also got ideas for change from heads of WHO country offices. I appreciated when directors and heads of country offices consulted with their staff for the ideas they sent to me.

在过渡期间，我以单独和集体方式与各区域主任见了面。我也多次与总部的各位助理总干事和司长会面，听到了他们的大好主意。世卫组织各国家办事处负责人也向我提供了一系列改革想法。我感谢这些司长们和世卫组织国家办事处负责人，他们在向我提出想法之前曾征求过本部门员工的意见。

As you all know, this was a unique election and the transition was also unique. I listened to staff for their views and opinions. I am so energized by their feedback and input as well as passion, dedication and commitment that I have seen so far.

众所周知，这是一次独特的选举，而且过渡也极不寻常。我聆听了工作人员的想法和看法。他们的反馈和意见以及我迄今所看到的热情、奉献精神和承诺令我深受鼓舞。

When I met directors and assistant directors-general, I told them that I would be accessible and gave them my mobile phone number so they could reach me any time. We have to continue this candid discussion because candour is the best medicine for any organization.

我会见各位司长和助理总干事时，我告诉他们可以找我，并给了他们我的手机号码，以便他们能随时联系我。我们必须将这种坦诚的讨论继续下去，因为坦诚对任何组织来说都是一剂良药。

I promise you this dialogue with WHO staff and the Staff Association will continue on a regular basis because we belong to the same team and we need to engage on a regular basis in order to be a winning team. I will continue to listen to and act upon staff concerns and ideas. Any enduring change at WHO will come from the staff outwards.

我保证，与世卫组织工作人员和职工协会的这种对话将继续定期举行，因为我们属于同一个团队，我们需要定期联络，以便成为一个百战百胜的团队。我会继续倾听并对职员们的关切和想法采取行动。世卫组织的任何持久变化将需要其内部工作人员来推动。

Let me also emphasize that I do not believe in perpetual reform and I think WHO staff are reformed out. I do believe in continuous improvement, however. Because our greatest asset is people, one core item in continuous improvement is how performance reviews are conducted and what coaching people receive. I would like to tie this much more closely to the results we seek to achieve.

我还要强调，我不相信永久的改革，我认为世卫组织的员工队伍已经改革完毕。不过，我相信持续改进。因为我们最大的财富就是人员，持续改进方面的一个核心项目就是如何开展绩效评估，以及向人们提供何种培训。我想将此与我们力求实现的成果更紧密地结合起来。

My friends, talent is global, but opportunity is not. We will continue to conduct open recruitment, based on merit. However, we will ensure merit is seen from global or geographic and gender perspectives and the recruitment is done fairly and on an even playing field.

朋友们，人才是全球性的，但机遇不是。我们将继续公开择优招聘人员。但是，我们要确保择优时考虑到全球或地理和性别因素，保证招聘工作公正公平。

My door will always be open to the staff. In fact, I will set a regular time to meet with staff who wish to meet with me and I call upon all leaders and managers of WHO at all levels, starting from headquarters to the regions and to the country offices, starting from team leaders to the Deputy Director-General to do the same. Listening to our staff is a bottom line and builds our teams.

我的办公室大门将永远对工作人员敞开。我会定期与希望见我的工作人员会面，我呼吁世卫组织各级的所有领导层和管理人员，从总部到各区域以及国家办事处，从组长到副总干事都这样做。倾听工作人员的声音是我们的底线，这样才能真正加强我们的队伍。

As a way forward, I would like to tell you that this has been a very holistic election. I have been given a decisive mandate and my vision and priorities for WHO have been endorsed by Member States. I have spent the last four weeks listening and engaging staff and conversing with partners. What we focus on in the next phase is going to be clearly articulating measurable outcomes and swiftly moving to implementation with a sense of urgency.

作为前进方向，我想告诉你们，这次选举十分全面。我被赋予了一项明确任务，我对世卫组织提出的愿景和工作重点得到了会员国的认可。我用了四个多星期时间去聆听工作人员的看法，与他们交流，并与合作伙伴交谈。我们在下一阶段的重点就是要有紧迫感，明确阐述可衡量的成果，并迅速转向实施。

As you can imagine, the very short transition window has not given me enough time to identify the best and appropriate senior leadership team. I hope to complete forming my team in the next few months. That’s why I have asked the existing senior management to stay on their positions for few more months until I appoint my leadership team. As you know, I have asked for recommendations from all levels of the Organization and have received many excellent ideas. I have formed a committee of WHO staff to study these recommendations, composed of directors, and to identify which are the most important ones that would lead to a major paradigm shift in our WHO. I will ensure the full engagement and participation of staff in any change.

你们可以想象，十分短暂的过渡窗口并没有给我足够的时间来确定最好和适当的高级领导团队。我希望在未来几个月里完成我的团队组建工作。这就是为什么我请求当前的高级管理层在其岗位上多留几个月，直到我任命自己的领导队伍为止。如你们所知，我已要求本组织的各个层级提出建议，目前已收到很多很好的想法。我组建了一个由多名司长组成的世卫组织工作人员委员会，负责研究这些建议，并确定哪些建议最为重要，可能促使世卫组织发生重大范式转变。无论做出什么变革，我都将确保工作人员的充分参与。

Again, let me emphasize that enduring change comes from the bottom up. Only change that’s owned by staff will succeed. As Tom Peters said, I quote, “change is a door that can only be opened from the inside”. So in order to fundamentally change WHO, first of all, we all need to individually open our minds for change. Because the mind is opened from inside. And two, we all need to collectively work together to open our organizations for change.

我想再次强调，持久变化是自下而上的。只有工作人员自主进行的变革才会成功。我在此引用汤姆·彼得斯的话：“改变是一扇只能从里面打开的门”。所以为了从根本上改变世卫组织，首先我们每个人都需要敞开自己的胸襟接受变化。因为胸襟是从里面打开的。其次，我们大家需要协同努力，使我们的组织愿意接受改变。

My friends, we have a historic opportunity to make transformational improvement in world health. Let’s do it. Let us do it for every woman and child who died when they didn’t have to die. And for every child who failed to reach her full potential. For every victim felled by an outbreak, for every small islander who is faced with the threat of climate change. Let us dedicate ourselves to them. Let us stand together for a healthier world.

朋友们，我们拥有一个使人类健康得到彻底改善的历史性契机。让我们行动起来吧。让我们为本来不该死去的每个已故妇女和儿童行动起来吧。为了每一个未能充分实现其潜力的孩子，为了每一个被疫情夺走生命的受害者，为了每一个面临气候变化威胁的小岛居民。让我们为他们献出全部力量。让我们并肩为一个更健康的世界而努力。

Thank you so much. Merci beaucoup.

非常感谢大家！

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