一.什么是冠词
冠词的冠字有两种读音，一是读一声，是帽子的意思，英语所有名词在句中使用时必须带上一定的帽子，二是读四声，是第一的意思，说明冠词排在名词或名词短语的最前面。冠词也是一种虚词，不能单独使用，须跟名词一起使用，冠词可以分为定冠词（the），不定冠词（a, an）与零冠词三类。
二.冠词的基本用法
冠词是名词的帽子，对名词起限定或标记作用，因此，冠词的基本用法取决于冠词后面的名词。英语名词有专有名词与普通名词之分，普通名词又可以分为具体名词与抽象名词。一般来讲，专有名词用零冠词，具体名词根据具体情况用定冠词或不定冠词，抽象名词用零冠词。但是英语名词的分类不是绝对的，名词在实际使用中，专有名词可以普通化，具体名词可以抽象化，抽象名词也可以具体化。冠词的基本用法如下表：
三.冠的特殊用法
1. 形容词或分词前加定冠词，相当于名词，表示具有形容词性质一类的人或事物。例如：the rich富人, the poor穷人, the young年青人, the old 老年人, the following下面的, the wounded伤员。
2. 形容词或副词前加定冠词，构成“the more…… the more ……”,句型，表示越……，越……。例如：The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air becomes. The harder you work the greater progress you will make.
3. 不定冠词用于表计量单位的名词前，表示每一的意思。例如：Take this medicine three times a day. The fish cost two dollars a kilogram.
4. 冠词用于固定短语中，在固定短语中有用定冠词的，有用不定冠词的，也有用零冠词的。
用定冠司的短语有：in the end, at the moment, on the left, on the right, at the same time, by the way, all the same , at the same time, in the morning, in the afternoon, the same as, with the help of , the number of 用不定冠词的有：a mummer of , in a hurry, catch a cold, make a living, as a result, in a word, have a word with, a lot of , once upon a time , in a way.
用零冠词的有：on business, on duty, in fact, on foot, at present, in public, on show, on time, in time, make fun of, at night, in danger, from time to time, for example, take part in , take pride in, day by day, in person, in trouble, make sense.
提升练习题
用适当的冠词填空
1. We are going to see Marry. She is ill in _______ hospital.
2. Could you please play _______ piano for me while I’m singing.
3. _______ sun is shining brightly.
4. My dream is to be _______ engineer when I grow up.
5. Look at _______ eraser on the floor, Whose is it?
6.All parents want their sons and daughters to go to ______ university.
7. - Who’s the tall man with glasses ? - He’s my uncle. He works in ______ university.
8. He often takes his dog for ______ walk after supper.
9. —Why do you like Mary? —Because she is ______ honest girl.
10. We often take part in after class activities（活动）,I like to play________basketball.
11. —What’s _________most useful invention in the 20th century?
—________computer, I think.
12. — How about ______ talent show?— I should say it was ______ great success.
13. —Lily is coming by ______ plane tomorrow. — Let’s go to ______ airport to meet her.
14. — You’ve dropped ________ “s” in the word “necessary”.
— Oh, ________ letter “s” is doubled.
15. —What’s the matter with you?
— I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________ bed
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