沁园春·雪 毛泽东 1936年2月
北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。
望长城内外,惟余莽莽;大河上下,顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象,欲与天公试比高。
须晴日,看红装素裹,分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇,引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武,略输文采;唐宗宋祖,稍逊风骚。
一代天骄,成吉思汗,只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。
Qianyuanchun Snow Written by Mao Tse-tung (1893-1976)
Translated by Wits Tu(翻译:涂瑞志)
Behold the elegant scenery in North China:
Icy land extends thousands of miles ,
And snow flies over millions of hectares.
Gaze into the northwards and southwards of the Great Wall:
A glance of whiteness is left,
And great rivers lose their waves.
Mountains zigzag like silver snakes,
And plateaus run like wax elephants.
They strive to soar for the height of the heavens.
On sunny days, the redness and whiteness combine in symmetry.
They are extremely breathtaking.
My motherland is so dedicate,
And so many heroes sacrifice their lives for her prosperity.
Qin and Hanwu emperors had insufficient literary grace,
While Tang and Song great emperors were blunt at literary excellence,
And Genghis Khan, a peerless conqueror,
Only knew how to kill eagles with his bow.
All of them passed into oblivion.
The distinguished and accomplished heroes
Are living at the present era.
译后语:在我的译作中,我试图摆脱中英文文化差异所带来的意向转换的困顿。作为表意的汉字和表音的英文,历来给翻译带来无法克服的羁绊。诗歌的“不可翻译性”已是翻译界多年以来的共识。诗歌的翻译既要回避按图索骥式的“信”的束缚,又要回避牵强附会式的“达”的藩篱,同时还要回避南辕北辙式的“雅”的达成。诗歌翻译的关键是读懂诗人的心跳,在规避文化冲突的同时,力求诗歌意象精准的拿捏。其中词性的转换、顺序的调整、意象的替换和内在文化符号的解读都可以作为诗歌翻译最出彩的手法。只有熟稔驾驭两种语言,才能让译诗发出与原作同等的光亮。有时,译作还会迸发出超越原作的鬼魅的色彩。当然,翻译永远不要拿标新立异的创新去伤害原作的灵魂。中国文化精髓的传播,需要智慧和创新。
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