代词 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等一. 人称代词 ，下面我们就来说一说关于英语语法基础知识大全?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!
英语语法基础知识大全
代词
代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。一. 人称代词
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语）
3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：
---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It’s me.
二. 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）三. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days． In those days the workers had a hard time．
2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．
3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?
四. 反身代词 英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。
反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。
1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer． Would you please express yourself in English?
2. 作表语。 It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon． The girl in the news is myself． 3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语） You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）五. 不定代词
1. some与any的区别
1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词 单数动词；②可数名词 复数动词。
Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.
. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.
2）any多用于疑问句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词 单数动词；②可数名词 复数动词。
There isn't any orange in the bottle.
注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。
2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别
3.
1）用作形容词：
|
含义 用法 |
表示肯定 |
表示否定 |
|
用于可数名词 |
a few虽少，但有几个 |
few不多，几乎没有 |
|
用于不可数名词 |
a little，虽少，但有一点 |
little不多，没有什么 |
I want to buy a few apples.
He can speak only a little Chinese.
There is only a little milk in the glass.
He has few friends.
They have little money with them.
3. all和both的用法。
1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。
2）both作代词。
①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。
Lucy and Lily both agree with us.
They both passed on their sticks at the same time.
How are your parents? They're both fine.
②与“of 代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。
Both of them came to see Mary.
Both of the books are very interesting.
六. 疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑
问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）
What is that? (作表语)
Whose umbrella is this? (作定语)
Whom are you waiting for? (作宾语)
代词练习题
I. 选择填空：
1．This dictionary is not hers. It’s _______.
A. I B. me C. mine D. my
2. --- Is this ______ magazine? --- No, it isn’t. It’s ________.
A. your, her B. hers, mine C. yours, hers D. your, hers
3. He is always ready to help ______.
A. another B. others C. the other D. other
4. Let _______ do this exercise myself.
A. him B. her C. us D. me
5. Do you have _______ to tell us?
A. important something B. something important C. important anything D. anything important
6. I meet an old friend of ______ on ______ way home.
A. mine, my B. my, the C. mine, a D. mine, the
7. _______ live in Shanghai.
A. We B. Our C.Ours D. Ourselves
8. --- Is this ______ jacket? --- Yes, it’s _______.
A. her, her B. her, hers C. hers, her D. hers, hers
9. --- _______ is that boy? --- He’s my son.
A. Who B. Whom C. What D. Which
10. My dictionary is in my bag. Where is _______?
A. yours B. you C. yourself D. your
11. --- Which jacket is Mary’s? --- The red one is _______.
A. she B. her C. hers D. his
12. There are many trees on ______ side of the street.
A. all B. both C. every D. each
13. She can’t find ______ watch.
A. hers B. it C. her D. it’s
14. There is ______ milk in the glass.
A. many B. little C. few D. a few
15. Please pass ______ the cap of tea.
A. me B. my C. mine D. I
16. There is _____water in the bottle.
A. not B. some C. any D. many
17. There isn’t ______ food left on the table.
A. many B. few C. much D. little
18. Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ______ about the news.
A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
19. This is his schoolbag, ______ is on the desk.
A. my B. yours C. your D. you
20. We make the radio ______.
A. by us B. by ourselves C. by myself D. our
21. Would please give me ______ hot tea?
A. one B. little C. some D. any
22．Their English teacher is from America, but ________ is from England.
A. ours B. my C. your D. her
23．Anne has a son. _______ name is Edward.
A. Her B. His C. Hers D. Him
24．Miss Brown will teach ________ English next term.
A. us B. we C. our D. ours
25．There is _________ in today’s newspaper.
A. new anything B. new something C. anything new D. something new
二. 用所给代词的适当形式填空
1. This is not my pencil-box. _______ ( I ) is in the bag.
2. Trees are planted in ______ ( we ) country every year, which makes our country more and more beautiful.
3. ---Is that bike Miss Gao’s? ---Yes, it is ______(she) . Beautiful, isn’t it?
4. Help ______ (you) to some fruit, Jack.
5. ---Who taught your brother to surf? ---Nobody. He learnt all by _______ (he).
6. Their English teacher is from America, but ______ (we) is from England.
7. Mary’s answer is different from ________ ( I ).
8. ---My watch keeps good time. What about _______(you)? ---Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.
9. Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with ______ (he)?
10. Did you enjoy _______ (you), Mary and Kate?
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