YORK M 多级离心压缩机的特点——对比API-617/614标准，下面我们就来说一说关于离心式压缩机与多级压缩机的区别?我们一起去了解并探讨一下这个问题吧!
离心式压缩机与多级压缩机的区别
YORK M 多级离心压缩机的特点
——对比API-617/614标准
展勤浩 Qinhao Zhan
Senior HVAC&R Engineer
Refrigeration Cryogenics and Process Systems
Mobile: 86 138 181 54378
E-mail：zhan13818154378@qq.com
防爆工业冷冻（乙二醇/盐水型/复叠式深冷型）多级离心式冷冻机M538B
Ex Industrial Refrigeration (Glycol / Brine type /Cascade cryogenic type )
冷水机（螺杆式，离心式，双级离心式冷冻机、变频磁悬浮离心式）
Chiller (Screw Centrifugal Magnetic type@YK CYK YMC2 YZ)
二氧化碳复叠机组和氨热泵机组 # 二氧化碳高温热泵90℃
NH3 / CO2 Cascade Refrigeration # CO2 Heat Pump 90℃
屋顶式空调直膨机组/双冷源空调/恒温恒湿机组
Rooftop Units / Double source Units / Constant tem-hum units
风冷热泵/蒸发冷/水地源热泵/空气源/VRV
Air Cooled Heat Pump/Evaporative cooling/Water geothermal/Air source / VRV
除湿机（调温型/烟草专用/转轮型/溶液除湿）
Dehumidifier ( Thermostat / Tobacco private / Wheel type / Liquid desiccant )
溴化锂机组/冷库冷链/净化恒温恒湿空调箱/工程设计/系统安装
Lithium Bromide Units / Cold Room/AHU/ Engineering / Installation
Advantages of York M multistage Turbomaster compressor
Over compressors designed in accordance with API-617/614
润滑系统
Lubrication System
相比API标准复杂的润滑油和油封系统（包括压力控制器、带联轴节、轴封的须电机驱动的主油泵），约克多级离心压缩机组具有更简洁的独立润滑油和油封系统。由此约克机组所需维护费用以及停机检修时间更短。而严格按照API614标准的润滑油系统多由于为保证部件正常运行带来巨大的维护支持。
York compressor has a much simpler self-contained lube and seal oil system versus a highly complicated console type lube and seal system with pressure controllers, external electric motor drivers, main oil pump with couplings, bearings and seals, etc., required for the API system. Therefore, York system will provide lower maintenance costs and less downtime when used on most process gases. The complexity of the lube system required by API 614 frequently creates more problems than it solves due to significant amount of maintenance required to keep such a large number of components operating properly.
油的消耗
Oil consumption
大多数严格按照API标准设计的压缩机每天需要消耗6－10加仑的油，而约克机组每月只消耗1－2加仑的油。长期运行，约克机组会为客户节省大量的费用。由此约克机组也会在日常维护上体现出巨大的优势。虽然某些API标准的机组可以提供油回收系统作为备选，但是这样的系统复杂且造价不菲。
Most compressors designed in strict accordance with API require six to ten gallons per day total of oil make-up versus one to two gallons per month total for York compressor. Translated into dollars, this becomes a significant operating advantage for York. Also, the maintenance and supply problems associated with furnishing this much oil make-up would indicate a definite advantage for York. It should be mentioned that some compressor manufacturers supplying API lube systems can furnish, as an option, oil-reclaiming system but they are complicated, special and more costly.
联轴节
Coupling
API标准允许使用齿轮式联轴节。但齿轮式联轴节需要润滑并需要键连接。而约克的联轴节无需润滑，无需维护，由此带来的维护费用及维护时间大大降低。同时与键连接的局部应力过大相比，约克联轴节通过螺栓连接使应力均匀分布。
API allows gear tooth type couplings, which have to be lubricated and couplings with keyway mountings. One of the most significant advantages offered by York is York coupling and drive shaft design. York coupling is a flexible disc non-lubricated type which result in lower maintenance costs and less potential downtime for the York compressor. Also, York coupling has a threaded mounting which evenly distributed the stress around the circumference of the drive shaft versus keyway mounting allowed by API, which causes a stress concentration on both coupling and drive shaft.
驱动轴
Drive shaft
约克无润滑联轴器重量轻的特点使约克可以设计更轻巧的挠性轴，而由此带来的好处是降低了轴封处的摩擦速度。API允许使用锥形轴，这势必增大了轴的尺寸和重量，也就增大了轴封处的摩擦速度。锥形轴能将扭转振动传递给压缩机轴从而对轴承、密封造成损坏。而约克的驱动轴和联轴器的设计可以吸收这样的扭转振动。
York flexible non-lubricating couplings’ light weight design enable us to design a quill shaft which is smaller in diameter for a given compressor size and is torsionally flexible. As a result of the smaller diameter shaft, we have as a benefit lower rubbing speeds at our shaft seal than units designed per API. API allows for a tapered shaft, which makes this component much heavier and larger in diameter and, therefore, produces much higher rubbing speeds on the seals. Also, the tapered shaft has the capability of transmitting torsional vibrations to the compressor rotor where damage can be done to the bearing and seals, whereas the York quill shaft and coupling are designed to absorb torsional vibration.
轴承间距
Bearing span
按API标准对外置非受压的轴承箱的要求，严格按照API标准设计的压缩机组的轴承间距是约克压缩机组的两倍，由此会带来更大的潜在振动问题。而由于约克压缩机组轴承间距小以及联轴器、驱动轴布置的特殊设计，振动问题很少发生。值得注意的是，无需拆开蜗壳的上半部分而从两端就可以到轴承和轴封以利于检修。
Due to the requirement by API for external, non-pressurized bearing housings, a compressor designed in strict accordance with API has a bearing span up to twice that of the York compressor for a given size machine, which creates a greater potential for lateral vibration problems. Vibration problems on a York compressor are very rare due to our shorter bearing span, as well as our torsionally flexible coupling and drive shaft arrangement. It should be noted that the York compressor bearings and seals are accessible from either end without removal of top half of casing.
叶轮装配
Impeller mounting
API标准允许压缩机叶轮通过键连接。而约克通过筒夹和弹簧夹环固定。因此API标准存在的应力集中而对轴造成伤害。而约克叶轮不存在局部应力。
API allows the compressor impellers to be keyway mounted on the shaft as opposed to the York design which provides for mounting of the impellers via a clamping ring. Therefore, the API design has potential for stress concentration at the keyway and possible rotor damage whereas York’s impellers have stress evenly distributed around the impeller hub.
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