动词是初中英语语法中很重要的一部分，今天给同学们整理了初中英语语法动词知识点，同学们一定要掌握起来。
初中英语动词总结
一、系动词
（一）含义：系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成系表结构，说明
主语的性质、状态、特征或身份等。
（二）常见的系动词有：
am,is,are,was,were,look,sound,smell, taste,feel,become,turn,go,get,stay,
keep
eg:
I am a worker.
The dish tastes delicious.
The leaves turn yellow in fall.
Stay healthy and you can enjoy your life.
二、助动词
（一）含义：本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独成调语，必须和实义动词连用，构成时态、
语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
（二）常见的助动词
有：be,do,does,did,will would,shall,have,has,had等。
1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were)
1）“助动词be 现在分词”构成进行时时态。
现在进行时I am telling you something very important now.
过去进行时What were you doing when I called you last night?
2）“助动词be 过去分词”构成被动语态。
eg:Where was the knife found?
2.“助动词have/has 过去分词”构成现在完成时时态。
现在完成时eg:Tom has been to China two times.
过去完成时 When I got to the train station,the train had left already.
3.助动词 do,does,did构成疑问句、否定句等。
eg:Do you like the car?
She doesn't want this shirt.
Did you catch the ball?
注意：构成疑问句和否定句时，助动词后面要跟动词原形。
4.助动词 shall 和will构成将来时时态。
eg:Shall we go to the bar tomorrow?
Tom will be there in two days.
【shall只用于第一人称，will在使用中无人称限制.】
三、实义动词。
（一）含义：实义动词在句中能独立作谓语，分为及物动词和不及物动词，缩写形式分别为
vt和vi.
（二）分类：
1.及物动词：本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
1）v. 宾语
eg:I like dresses very much because I look beautiful when I wear them.
I am drawing a picture for my mother.
2）v. 宾语 宾补
eg:We call him Secret Assistant.
I saw you playing with the dog just now.
3）v. 直接宾语 间接宾语
eg:Please tell me everything about the meeting.
could you please pass the letter to him?
2.不及物动词：本身意义完整，不必接宾语。
eg:Tigers always run fast.
1)有些动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。
eg:We study English.(及物动词）
We study hard.(不及物动词）
2）有些动词可以和介词搭配，相当于一个及物动词。
eg:Listen to the music carefully.
I like to dance to the music when I feel a little tired.
四、情态动词
（一）定义及原则
定义：表示说话人的态度和看法。
原则：1）不能单独使用，后接动词原形，构成谓语；
2）没有人称和数的变化；
3）否定句在情态动词后面直接加not
（二）常见情态动词及用法
1.表能力
现在有能力做can=am/is/are able to,
过去有能力做 could=was/ were able to。
2.必须、不必和禁止
必须：must（表示主观因素）have to（表示客观因素）
不必：don't have to do/needn't do
禁止：mustn't（语气十分强硬，一般涉及生命安全时常常使用）
3.委婉请求
may>might,can>could
4.表推测
绝对不：can't，绝对不可能发生的事情的猜测；
可能：may，might；
一定是：must，对绝对有把握的事情的猜测。
5.肯否不一
1)May I come in?
Yes,you may/can.
No,you cant/mustn't.
2)Can/Could I speak?
Yes,you can.
No,you can't.
3)Must/ Need I go now?
Yes,you must
No,you needn't/don't have to.
,
