初中英语语法动词知识点(初中英语语法动词知识点总结)(1)

动词是初中英语语法中很重要的一部分,今天给同学们整理了初中英语语法动词知识点,同学们一定要掌握起来。

初中英语动词总结

一、系动词

(一)含义:系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须跟表语一起构成系表结构,说明

主语的性质、状态、特征或身份等。

(二)常见的系动词有:

am,is,are,was,were,look,sound,smell, taste,feel,become,turn,go,get,stay,

keep

eg:

I am a worker.

The dish tastes delicious.

The leaves turn yellow in fall.

Stay healthy and you can enjoy your life.

二、助动词

(一)含义:本身无意义或意义不完整,不能单独成调语,必须和实义动词连用,构成时态、

语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。

(二)常见的助动词

有:be,do,does,did,will would,shall,have,has,had等。

1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were)

1)“助动词be 现在分词”构成进行时时态。

现在进行时I am telling you something very important now.

过去进行时What were you doing when I called you last night?

2)“助动词be 过去分词”构成被动语态。

eg:Where was the knife found?

2.“助动词have/has 过去分词”构成现在完成时时态。

现在完成时eg:Tom has been to China two times.

过去完成时 When I got to the train station,the train had left already.

3.助动词 do,does,did构成疑问句、否定句等。

eg:Do you like the car?

She doesn't want this shirt.

Did you catch the ball?

注意:构成疑问句和否定句时,助动词后面要跟动词原形。

4.助动词 shall 和will构成将来时时态。

eg:Shall we go to the bar tomorrow?

Tom will be there in two days.

【shall只用于第一人称,will在使用中无人称限制.】

三、实义动词。

(一)含义:实义动词在句中能独立作谓语,分为及物动词和不及物动词,缩写形式分别为

vt和vi.

(二)分类:

1.及物动词:本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

1)v. 宾语

eg:I like dresses very much because I look beautiful when I wear them.

I am drawing a picture for my mother.

2)v. 宾语 宾补

eg:We call him Secret Assistant.

I saw you playing with the dog just now.

3)v. 直接宾语 间接宾语

eg:Please tell me everything about the meeting.

could you please pass the letter to him?

2.不及物动词:本身意义完整,不必接宾语。

eg:Tigers always run fast.

1)有些动词既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词。

eg:We study English.(及物动词)

We study hard.(不及物动词)

2)有些动词可以和介词搭配,相当于一个及物动词。

eg:Listen to the music carefully.

I like to dance to the music when I feel a little tired.

四、情态动词

(一)定义及原则

定义:表示说话人的态度和看法。

原则:1)不能单独使用,后接动词原形,构成谓语;

2)没有人称和数的变化;

3)否定句在情态动词后面直接加not

(二)常见情态动词及用法

1.表能力

现在有能力做can=am/is/are able to,

过去有能力做 could=was/ were able to。

2.必须、不必和禁止

必须:must(表示主观因素)have to(表示客观因素)

不必:don't have to do/needn't do

禁止:mustn't(语气十分强硬,一般涉及生命安全时常常使用)

3.委婉请求

may>might,can>could

4.表推测

绝对不:can't,绝对不可能发生的事情的猜测;

可能:may,might;

一定是:must,对绝对有把握的事情的猜测。

5.肯否不一

1)May I come in?

Yes,you may/can.

No,you cant/mustn't.

2)Can/Could I speak?

Yes,you can.

No,you can't.

3)Must/ Need I go now?

Yes,you must

No,you needn't/don't have to.

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