《新概念英语》(三)课文长难句分析及翻译
一、课文 Lesson1 A puma at large
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered（adj.被困得走投无路的）. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from ? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
一、重点句子分析
1.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。
语法分析：这个句子是一个含有时间状语从句的主从复合句，而且在时间状语从句中又包含一个同位语从句。when引导的是时间状语从句，that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London是reports 的同位语从句。……they were not taken seriously.是主句，这里的they是指reports。take sth. ……seriously 是固定短语，意思是“认真对待…”
2.Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.无论它走到哪里，一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。
语法分析：这是一个含有让步状语从句的主从复合句，Wherever相当于no matter when引导让步状语从句。a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits 本是left的宾语，但是如果直接放在left之后的话，就会导致一个很长的宾语以后，附加了一个介词短语behind it，这样句子显得太松散，所以就把长长的宾语转移置于behind it 之后，显得句子结构更紧凑。这种现象在英语中叫“宾语后置”。”
3.It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流串，真令人担心。
语法分析：此句是主语从句，it是形式主语，实际主语是that从句。惯用语at large 为自由的，未受管制的意思。例如:
Six prisoners are still at large along with four dangerous recidivists. 4个危险的惯犯和其他6名犯人仍然在逃。
二、课文参考译文
美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。
搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。
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