和田玉，“中国四大名玉”之一（其三为陕西蓝田玉、辽宁岫玉和河南独山玉）。传统狭义范畴特指新疆和田地区出产的玉石，以和田“子料”为代表闻名于世；广义的和田玉指软玉（真玉）。和田玉虽然因新疆和田而命名，但其本身不是地域概念，并非特指新疆和田地区出产的玉，而是一类产品的名称。中国把透闪石成份占98%以上的石头都命名为和田玉，都在国标范围内。
秦始皇统一中国的时候，和田玉因产于昆仑山被称为“昆山之玉”，以后又因位于“于阗国”境内而被称为“于阗玉”。直到清光绪九年（1883年）设立和田直隶州时，才被正式命名为“和田玉”。
和田玉中的名品，是珍藏于陕西历史博物馆的西汉国宝级文物“皇后之玺”，其质地为新疆和田羊脂玉，是迄今唯一的汉代皇后玉玺，为首批禁止出国（境）展览文物 。2008年北京奥运会会徽徽宝“中国印”，也是采用新疆和田玉作为材料。
和田玉属镁质大理岩与中酸性岩浆岩接触交代而形成的变质岩，内含透闪石、角闪石、阳起石等多矿物集合体，化学成分是含水的钙镁硅酸盐，化学式为Ca2(Mg,Fe2 )5[Si8O22](OH)2，密度为2.95—3.17，摩氏硬度在6.0—6.5之间。
藏品介绍
中文名称：四佣人玉瑗
英文名称：Four servant Yuyuan
类别：玉器
规格：一件
品相：美品
古人认为天是圆的地是方的，这件玉瑗四个人偶，却为同一模样，表示人最终会经历四个阶段，往复循环，天道轮回，此玉瑗雕工精美，为上等和田玉所致，局部出现沁色，古韵十足，品相完美，具有极高的收藏价值。
玉瑗可非百姓所使之物，这是当时用来牵引，撑扶的主要用具，玉瑗的一端由贴心的佣人紧握，主人落轿后，伸出玉瑗的另一半，给主人握紧，可以起到稳定步伐的作用，走路由人牵引，也比较省力，不易出现摔倒等情况，为贴身使用的小器物，具有极高的人文文化研究价值。
光泽是玉石对光反射的能力。和田玉光泽属油脂光泽，这种光泽很柔和，不强也是不弱，即没有强光的晶灵感，也没有弱光的蜡质感。古人称和田玉“温润而泽”，就是它的光泽带有很高的油脂性，给人以滋润的感觉。
透明度是玉石允许可见光透过的程度，主要与玉石对光的吸收强弱有关，矿物学上一般分为透明、半透明、不透明3种。鉴定透明度要把玉磨光，在一定厚度下看透视其它物体情况，分透明体、半透明体、微透明体、非透明体等4个级别。和田玉属于微透明体，在一般进取度下，能透过光，但看不清透过物像。
玉瑗的保养：忌油：古玉应避免接触油腻，因为油脂会封堵玉质的微细孔隙，使玉质中的灰土不能退出来，玉器便不会莹润，透出所谓的“清光”。
忌腥：腥气或腥液中所含的化学成分，如卤盐等，对玉器有一定的腐蚀作用，导致玉质受损，所以古玉要避免与腥物相触。
忌污秽：古玉忌污秽的道理与忌油相似，即污秽会使“土门”闭塞，而使玉质中的灰土不能退出，甚至反受其浊。因此玩玉前要洗净双手。
畏冰：如果古玉时常近冰，或被冻，则色沁就不活，没有润感，谓之“死色”，甚至使玉质可能会产生裂纹而不可挽救。
畏火：古玉如果常靠近火或热源，则可能使“色浆”尽褪，色浆主要是指玉质的表面光泽和透明度。古玉近火受热，尤其是高温，可导致裂纹的产生，亦可伤及玉质，从而失去光泽，降低透明度。
畏姜水：古玉与姜水接触，往往会使已有的沁色黯淡无光。切勿以姜水除去出土古玉的土腥气或腐臭气，如果浸得太久，还会使玉器浑身起麻点。以后即便不断“盘玩”，也难以补救。
畏惊跌：即所谓“畏惊气”，是指当佩戴者受惊或不慎将玉器跌落在地或碰撞于硬物之上，重则粉身碎骨，轻则产生裂纹，即使看不见，也不意味其完好无损。因为重撞之下，内部结构总会受影响，即便是肉眼看不见的微细裂纹，也是玉器的隐患。
收藏价值：自古道，“黄金有价玉无价”。这件和田玉瑗包浆自然，形成蜡状光泽，是机器工无法做到的，再看颜色是带有油脂光泽的白，在白色中可透出微微的青色，整体油感足，为上等青白玉，入手温润，久握存温，且温度流失缓慢，和田玉投资一直都被关注，一篇‘疯狂的石头’报道了和田玉收藏涨幅千倍，令人咋舌，如今新疆本地也找不出上等和田玉了，再加上政府禁止开采，形成了十玉九藏的局面，使得和田玉价格水涨船高。
青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。清康熙时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。
藏品介绍
中文名称：青花梅瓶
英文名称： blue and white plum vase
类别：瓷器
规格：1件
品相：美品
梅瓶也称"经瓶"，最早出现于唐代，宋辽时期较为流行，并且出现了许多新品种。近代许之衡在《饮流斋说瓷》一书中详细地描述了梅瓶的形制、特征及名称由来："梅瓶口细而颈短，肩极宽博，至胫稍狭，抵于足微丰，口径之小仅与梅之瘦骨相称，故名梅瓶。"关于梅瓶的用途，磁州窑白地黑花梅瓶器腹有“清沽美酒”与“醉乡酒海”的诗句。梅瓶既是酒器，又是一件令人爱不释手的观赏品。因此，这类器皿制作精美，不但考虑到贮酒容量，还要注意造型优美。
瓶肩为孔雀开屏纹，以青花双圈相隔，瓶身绘有青花缠枝纹，底部画有芭蕉叶，整体画工精美，器型端正，一眼为开门到代的精品瓷器。
孔雀开屏寓意
吉祥如意
孔雀是百鸟之王，其最大的特色就在于开屏。而且在古文中也有记载，孔雀开屏是吉祥之兆，能够辟邪保平安。所以给家人佩戴一款翡翠孔雀挂件寓意着吉祥如意，能护佑去除厄运，带来好运。
前程似锦
在古代官员的官服上通常会绣上动物图案，而且官帽上会连缀动物羽毛。像孔雀就是会被拿来使用的动物图案，所以孔雀是权力的象征。再加上孔雀开屏时，能够绽放出繁华似锦的图案，因此一款翡翠孔雀挂件寓意着前程似锦，官运亨通。
白头偕老
孔雀尾部能绽放出满屏的精彩，这代表着满满的幸福。再加上孔雀的头部拥有白头，寓意着白头偕老。所以给夫妻或恋爱中的情侣佩戴一款翡翠孔雀挂件象征着感情和谐美好，能够携手白头到老。
玉璧底：也称作玉璧形圈足,唐代中、晚期流行足式之一。造型为圆形平底中心挖去一小片同心圆，形似玉璧，故名。底心内凹处有施釉与不施釉之分，施釉者只有圆环形地面露胎。唐代越窑、邢窑、长沙窑等窑口制品上均有所见。
这件青花梅瓶为玉璧底中间施釉款，中间六字青花款大清乾隆年制篆体，书写十分精美，玉璧底呈现棕褐色，是由于瓷胎中含有微量的铁元素氧化所致，是时间留下的烙印，为开门精品瓷器。青花画面颜色深浅不一，青花晕散明显，画面极其生动自然，不管从任何角度欣赏都是古韵十足，青花瓷是能最好表现泼墨山水画的瓷器，这是其它瓷器所做不到的，所以青花瓷最具中国风，最能体现中国山水画艺术的最好载体，china这个单词大家都知道是中国的意思，可是最早这个单词的意思就是瓷器，因为当时中国被称之为瓷器之国，可见我国瓷器的影响之大，已经成为对外的一张艺术名片了，而当时出口瓷最多的就是青花瓷，这件青花瓷开门见老，画工精美，原配盖子且是泥鳅背底，综上所述是一件十分难得的馆藏级藏品，可谓是千金易得，一宝难求。
五龙是古中国神话传承的五行思想体现的五个龙，即青龙、赤龙、黄龙、白龙、黑龙。
也指远古时代神话传说的五大部落首领。分别为皇伯、皇仲、皇叔、皇季、皇少。
也指道教五行神。
藏品介绍
中文名称：五龙青花盘
英文名称：Five dragons blue flower dish
类别：瓷器
规格：1件
品相：美品
1.远古传说中的五个部落首领。
《文选·王延寿·鲁灵光殿赋》：“五龙 比翼，人皇 九头。”李善注引《春秋命历序》：“皇伯、皇仲、皇叔、皇季、皇少，五姓同期，俱驾龙，号曰五龙。”
[明]胡应麟《少室山房笔丛·玉壶遐览二》：“祝融氏为火帝，君南岳； 五龙氏 乘云登仙。”
2.古代传说中五个人面龙身的仙人，道教称为五行神。
《鬼谷子·本经阴符》：“盛神法五龙。” 陶宏景 注：“五龙，五行之龙也。”
《文选·郭璞〈游仙诗〉》：“奇龄迈五龙，千岁方婴孩。” 李善 注引《遁甲开山图》 荣氏 解：“五龙，皇后君也，昆弟五人，皆人面而龙身。长曰 角龙 ，木仙也。次曰 徵龙 ，火仙也。次曰 商龙 ，金仙也。次曰 羽龙 ，水仙也。次曰 宫龙 ，土仙也。”亦谓五龙的法术。
[唐]李邕《叶有道碑》：“专精五龙，遍游群岳。”
这件青花盘以留白为线条，体现龙纹，云纹等图案，这种表现方式，更为细腻，画面为蓝地白画之意境，青花盘盘内三条龙周身环绕山字形火焰纹，寓意着火神祝融，背面同样画有两条龙，古人以圆为天，从上图的视角看形同玉璧，周身祥龙环绕，美轮美奂。
青花双圈六字青花款：瘦金体大清康熙年制，青花吃进胎骨，字迹放大后可见晕散现象，有极其细微的毛刺现象，为到代的精品青花盘。
可以看到此龙纹具有一定的透视感，以白为腹部，青花龙鳞为网格状，可以看到这种留白方式把龙纹表现的更为细腻，精美，同样其难度也大大的提升，所以青花留白龙纹瓷器极为少见，一般都为宫廷用器具有极高的收藏价值。这件青花盘无磕无残，品相完美可作为收藏传家之宝。
英文翻译：Hetian jade, "China's four famous jade" one (its three for Shaanxi Lantian jade, Liaoning xiuyu jade and Henan Dushan jade). The traditional narrow sense refers to the jade produced in Hetian, Xinjiang, which is famous for its "sub-materials". Hetian jade in the broad sense refers to nephrite (true jade). Although hetian jade is named after Xinjiang Hetian, it is not the concept of the region itself, not specifically referring to the jade produced in Xinjiang Hetian region, but the name of a class of products. In China, more than 98% of the tremolite is named hetian jade, which is within the scope of national standards.
When Qin Shi Huang unified China, hetian jade was called "jade of Kunshan" because it was produced in Kunlun Mountain. Later, it was called "Jade of Khotan" because it was located in the land of Khotan. It was not until the ninth year of The Guangxu Emperor of the Qing Dynasty (1883) when hetian Zhili Prefecture was established that it was officially named "Hetian Jade".
The famous hetian jade is the Queen's Seal, a national treasure of the Western Han Dynasty, which is stored in The Shaanxi History Museum. It is made of Xinjiang Hetian amniocentric jade. It is the only queen's seal of the Han Dynasty so far, and the first batch of cultural relics forbidden to be exhibited abroad. The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games emblem "Chinese seal", is also using xinjiang Hetian jade as material.
The metamorphic rock formed by contact metasomatism between Hetian jade magnesian marble and intermediate-acid magmatic rock contains multiple mineral aggregates such as tremolite, hornblende and actinite. The chemical composition is water-bearing calcium and magnesium silicate, the chemical formula is Ca2(Mg,Fe2 )5[Si8O22](OH)2, the density is 2.95 -- 3.17, and the Hardness is between 6.0 -- 6.5.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: four servant Yuyuan
Four Servant Yuyuan
Category: Jade
Specification: one piece
Appearance: Beautiful
The ancient people thought that the heaven was round and the earth was square. This figure is the same, told from the original jade, showing that man will eventually go through four stages, repeating cycle and reincarnation of heaven and earth. Beautifully carved in jade, it is the result of the best hetian jade, and the local appearance is vivid, full of ancient charm, perfect in appearance, and has a very high collection value.
Jade been reflected what the people think that thing in the world, it is used for traction at the time, supporting the main tool, one end of the jade been reflected by the close of the servant clenched, master to fall after the car, out of the other half of the jade been reflected, hold to master, can have the effect of stable pace, walking by the traction, also compare save Labour, not easily fall, and so on and so forth, small items for personal use, with very high value of the humanities culture research.
Luster is the ability of jade to reflect light. Hetian jade luster belongs to the oil luster, this kind of luster is very soft, is not strong is not weak, that is, there is no strong crystal inspiration, there is no wax texture of weak light. The ancients called Hetian jade "warm and moist", because its luster is very greasy, giving people the feeling of moisture, especially the sheep fat jade in Hetian jade is known for having the same moist luster as sheep fat.
Transparency is the extent to which jade allows visible light to pass through, mainly related to the intensity of light absorption of jade, mineralogy is generally divided into transparent, translucent, opaque 3 kinds. To identify the transparency of the jade polished, under a certain thickness to see the perspective of other objects, divided into transparent body, semi-transparent body, micro transparent body, non transparent body and so on 4 levels. Hetian jade belongs to a slightly transparent body, in the general degree of progress, can see through the light, but not clearly through the image.
Maintenance of jade eliphelet: avoid oil: ancient jade should avoid contact with grease, because oil will block the tiny pores of jade, so that the dust in the jade can not withdraw, jade will not be shiny, give the so-called "clear light".
Fishy: The chemical components in fishy gas or fishy liquid, such as halogen salt, have a certain corrosive effect on the jade, resulting in damage to the jade, so the ancient jade to avoid contact with fishy.
Avoid filth: ancient jade avoid filth is similar to the principle of avoid oil, that is, the dirt will make the "earth gate" closed, and the jade in the dust can not exit, even by its turbidity. So wash your hands before you play jade.
Fear of ice: if the ancient jade often near the ice, or be frozen, then color Qin is not alive, there is no embellish feeling, that the "dead color", and even make jade may crack and can not be saved.
Fear of fire: if the ancient jade often close to fire or heat, it may make the "color paste" completely faded, color paste mainly refers to the surface luster and transparency of jade. Ancient jade near fire heat, especially high temperature, can lead to the production of cracks, can also damage the jade, thereby losing luster, reduce transparency.
Fear ginger water: ancient jade and ginger water contact, often make the existing ooze dull. Do not use ginger water to remove the earthy or rancid smell of ancient jade, if soaked for too long, it will make the jade all over the hemp point. Later even if constantly "plate play", also difficult to remedy.
Fear shock fall: the so-called "fear shock gas", refers to when the wearer is frightened or accidentally fall on the ground or collision on hard objects, heavy or broken, light cracks, even if not visible, does not mean that it is intact. Because of the impact, the internal structure will always be affected, even the naked eye can not see the micro cracks, is a hidden danger of jade.
Collection value: since ancient times, "gold has a price and jade is priceless". The hetian jade been reflected patina nature, form the waxy luster, is machine can't do it, look at the color is white with oily luster, some can give slightly yellow in white, whole oil foot feeling, setting such as suet, starting with a warm, with the long storage temperature, and slow temperature erosion via expert appraisal, as a rare hetian suet white jade, hetian jade investment be attention all the time, a "crazy stone" report suet jade or one thousand times, staggering, xinjiang local now also could not find suet jade, coupled with a government ban on drilling, has formed the situation in which ten nine Tibetan jade, hetian jade prices higher.
Blue and white porcelain, also known as white blue and white porcelain, is often referred to as blue and white porcelain. It is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, and belongs to underglaze color porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, which is decorated on the ceramic body, then covered with a layer of transparent glaze, and fired by a high temperature reduction flame. Cobalt material is blue after burning, with strong coloring, bright hair color, high burning rate and color stability. The original blue and white porcelain appeared in The Tang and Song dynasties, while the mature blue and white porcelain appeared in the Hutian kiln of Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. The blue and white of Ming Dynasty became the mainstream of porcelain. It reached its peak during the Kangxi period of qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it also created blue-and-white colorful, malachite-green glaze blue-and-white, soya-green glaze blue-and-white, blue-and-white red, yellow-ground blue-and-white, blue-and-white and other derivative varieties.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: blue and white plum vase
Blue and white Plum Vase
Category: Porcelain
Specification: 1 piece
Appearance: Beautiful
Plum vase, also known as Jing Vase, first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, became popular in the Song and Liao dynasties, and many new varieties appeared. In modern times, Xu Zhicheng described in detail the shape, characteristics and the origin of the name of the plum bottle in the book "Porcelain for Drinking Flow Zhai" : "The mouth of the plum bottle is thin, the neck is short, the shoulder is very broad, the shank is narrow, and the foot is slightly rich. The diameter is small only in proportion to the thin bone of the plum, so the name plum bottle. As for the use of plum bottle, there are verses such as "Clear wine" and "sea of wine" in the belly of the white ground black plum bottle in Cizhou Kiln. Plum bottle is not only a wine utensil, but also an irresistible ornamental object. Therefore, this kind of vessel is made beautifully, not only considering the storage capacity, but also pay attention to the beautiful shape.
On the shoulder of the bottle, the peacock has a screen pattern, separated by a double circle of blue and white flowers. The bottle body is painted with blue and white twigs and the bottom is painted with banana leaves. The overall painting is exquisite and the shape is regular.
The peacock spreads its tail
Good lucky for you
Peacock is the king of hundreds of birds, its biggest feature is to open the screen. It is also recorded in ancient texts that the peacock spreading its tail is an auspicious sign, which can ward off evil spirits and protect peace. So wearing an emerald peacock pendant for family members is a symbol of good luck, protecting against bad luck and bringing good luck.
future
In ancient times, animal patterns were usually embroidered on the official robes and animal feathers would be attached to the official caps. A peacock is an animal pattern that can be used, so the peacock is a symbol of power. In addition, when the peacock opens its screen, it can blossom into a colorful pattern, so an emerald peacock pendant implies a bright future and a prosperous government.
Grow old together
Peacock tail can bloom full screen wonderful, which represents full of happiness. In addition, the peacock has a white head, implying a long life together. Therefore, wearing an emerald peacock pendant for a couple or a couple in love symbolizes a harmonious and happy relationship and the ability to grow old together.
Jade round bottom: also known as the jade round foot, the Tang Dynasty, the late one of the popular foot style. Modeling for the round flat bottom center to dig a small piece of concentric circles, shaped like jade, hence the name. At the bottom of the heart of the concave glazing and not glazing points, glazing only a circular ground dew. Tang Dynasty Yue kiln, Xing kiln, Changsha kiln and other kiln mouth products can be seen.
The blue and white plum bottle is made of glaze in the middle of the jade round, and the seal system of the Qing Dynasty qianlong system with six characters in the middle is very delicate. The jade round is brown in color, which is caused by the oxidation of trace iron in the porcelain embryo. It is the imprint left by time and is the open door fine porcelain. Blue screen color shades, blue and white halo, picture extremely vivid and natural, no matter from any Angle to appreciate is a sensibility, blue and white porcelain is the best performance splash-ink landscape painting of China, it is the other porcelain can't do, so most Chinese wind of blue and white porcelain, most can reflect the best carrier of Chinese landscape painting art, China this word is the meaning of the Chinese is known to all, but the meaning of this word is the earliest porcelain, because the country is referred to as Chinese porcelain, is our country the influence of China, has become a foreign art card, at a time when export porcelain is blue and white porcelain, The blue and white porcelain has an old door, exquisite painting, original lid and loach on the back. To sum up, it is a rare piece of collection. It can be said that it is easy to get and hard to find.
The five Dragons are the five elements embodied in the ancient Chinese mythology, namely, the green Dragon, the Red Dragon, the Yellow Dragon, the white dragon and the black dragon.
Also refers to the chief of the five great tribes of ancient mythology. They were Emperor Bo, Emperor Zhong, Emperor Shu, Emperor Ji, emperor Shao.
It also refers to the Five elements of Taoism.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: Five dragons blue flower dish
Five Dragons Blue Flower Dish
Category: Porcelain
Specification: 1 piece
Appearance: Beautiful
1. The leaders of five tribes in ancient legend.
"Anthology · Wang Yanshou · Lu Lingguang Dian Fu" : "Five dragons compare wings, people emperor nine heads. Li Shan notes from the Spring and Autumn Annals preface: "Emperor Bo, Emperor Zhong, Emperor Shu, Emperor Ji, emperor Shao, all with the same surname, all with the same name, all with the name of the five dragons."
[Ming] Hu Yinglin, Viewing No.2 from Shaoshi Mountain House Brush Bush · Jade Pot: "Zhu Rong is the Fire Emperor, Jun Nanyue; The dragon family climbed the celestial mountain."
2. In ancient legends, there are five long-faced immortals, known as the Five Elements in Taoism.
"Guiguzi · Ben Jing Yin Fu" : "Sheng Shen Fa Wu Long." Tao Hongjing notes: "The five dragons, the five elements of the dragon."
"Anthology · guo pu < you fairy poems >" : "qi ling mai wu long, chitosen-age square baby." Li Shan notes rong's interpretation of the Map of Dun Jia kaishan: "The five dragons, the queen and the king, and the Five Kundi all have faces and bodies. Long yue Horned dragon, wood fairy also. The time said the dragon, fire fairy also. The time of Shang, jinxian also. The next feather dragon, narcissus also. The next day, the dragon, the earth fairy." Also known as the five dragons spell.
Li yong "leaf youdao tablet" : "specialized in five dragons, all over the qun yue."
This QingHuaPan is line with white space, dragon, moire patterns, such as the expression, more exquisite, the picture of blue and white painting artistic conception, surrounded by three dragons QingHuaPan dish in the whole mountain glyph flame grain, the significance of fire ravaged, two dragons on the back of the same picture, the ancients in circles for days, from the perspective of the above can be jade, auspicious dragon with the whole body, beautiful.
Blue and white double circle six words blue and white money: thin gold body qing Dynasty Kangxi system, blue and white eat into the viviparous bone, handwriting magnification can be seen halo scattered phenomenon, there are very small burr phenomenon, to the generation of high-quality goods blue and white dish.
It can be seen that this dragon pattern has a certain sense of perspective, with white as the abdomen and blue and white dragon scales as the grid. It can be seen that this way of white space makes the dragon pattern more delicate and exquisite, which also greatly enhances its difficulty. Therefore, white dragon pattern porcelain with blue and white flowers is very rare, and is generally of high collection value for palace utensils. This blue-and-white plate is free from damage and can be used as a family heirloom with perfect appearance.
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