1、焊接种类Varieties of Welding
电弧焊arc welding
电熔焊electric fusion welding (EFW)
气熔焊fusion gas welding (FGW)
电阻焊electric resistance welding (ERW)
有保护的金属电弧焊shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
手工或自动隋性气体保护钨极电弧焊manual and automatic inert gas tungsten arc
welding (GTAW)
自动埋弧焊automatic submerged arc welding
金属极隋性气体保护电弧焊gas metal arc weiding (GMAW)
氩弧焊argon-arc welding ，
气体保护电弧焊gas-shielded arc welding
气焊gas welding; flame welding
等离子焊plasma welding
硬钎焊braze welding
电渣焊electroslag welding
爆炸焊explosive welding
2、焊接形式Type of Welding
角焊fillet welding
间断焊intermittent welding
点焊spot welding
对焊butt welding
搭焊lap welding
塞焊plug welding
珠焊bead welding
槽焊slot welding
堆焊build up welding
垫板焊backing weld
坡口groove
V 形坡口V groove
单面U 形坡口single U groove
K 形坡口double bevel groove
X 形坡口double V groove
双面U 形坡口double U groove
U-V 组合坡口combination U and V groove
根部间隙root gap
焊接符号symbol of weld
错边量alignment tolerance
3、焊接位置Welding Position
仰焊overhead welding
现场焊field weld (F.W.)
封底焊back run welding
立焊vertical welding
平焊flat welding
工厂（车间）焊接shop weld
定位焊tack weld
跳焊skip welding
节距pitch
4、焊接缺陷Defects of Welding
焊接裂纹weld crack
根部裂纹root crack
微裂纹micro crack
错位mismatch
弧坑pit; crater
焊穿burn through
夹渣slag inclusion
咬边；咬肉undercut
焊瘤overlap
气孔porosity, blow hole
砂眼blister
针孔pin hole
严重飞溅excessive spatter
未溶合incomplete fusion; lack of fusion
根部未焊透incomplete penetration
5、其它
母材；基层金属base metal
预热preheating
热影响区heat affected zone (HAZ)
焊条welding electrode (rod)
焊丝welding wire
焊药（剂） flux
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