CAT COCO
撰文&整理 | Nikki
新媒体设计 | ElenaR
写文章的时候
如果用一些比较级和最高级的句子
就会让文章显得更成熟一些
虽然可能很多人觉着比较级和最高级和别的语法比起来算是简单的
但其实它们还是有很多易错的点
而且有许多种搭配方法
所以今天我们就通过语法书English Grammar in Use
还有Walden University的语法教学整理一下比较级和最高级的用法
一起来和我们学习吧！
比较级1
在比较级前面你可以用这些搭配
我们这里直接给出例句
"Let's go by car. It's much cheaper."
"Don't go by train. It's a lot more expensive."
"Could you speak a bit more slowly?"
"This bag is slightly heavier than the other one."
"Her illness was far more serious than we thought at first."
你还可以用any和no 比较级
比如下面这些例句
"Do you feel any better?"
"We expected their apartment to be very big, but it's no bigger than ours."
如果你想表达什么东西一直有变化
那么你可以用better and better（可用其他比较级替换）或者more and more
"Your English is getting better and better."（英语一直有进步）
"The city has grown fast in recent years. It's got bigger and bigger."（城市变得越来越大）
"the...the..."是另一种固定搭配
你可以说"the (sooner/bigger/more etc.) the better"
比如"What time shall we leave?" "The sooner the better." （越快越好）
或者用"the...the..."来表达一个事情依赖于另一个事情上
"The warmer the weather, the better I feel."（天气越暖和我感觉越好，即我的感受取决于天气是否暖和）
比较级2
比较级除了最常见的than
还有一种标志是as...as
首先我们来看这种not as...(as)形式的句子
"Jack isn't as old as he looks. "
"Jack年龄没有他看着大。"
它的潜意思就是Jack长得比实际年龄看着大
所以用than来重新写的话就是
Jack looks older than he is.
再来看个例句
"I don't know as many people as you do."
翻过来就是我没有你认识的人多
那用than重新写就是
You know more people than me.
Less...than和not as...as相似
比如"I spent less money than you."
我比你花钱少
那么言下之意就是"I didn't spend as much money as you."
我没有像你花的那么多
在肯定句和疑问句里可以用as...as
"I got here as fast as I could."
"Can you send me the information as soon as possible, please?"
"Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago."
"Their house is about three times as big as ours."
如果想说某个东西和另一个东西一样
用的不是the same like
而是the same as
"David is the same age as James"
最高级
比较级一般可以是-er/ier或者是more...
最高级也有两种基本模式
-est或者most...
和比较级一样短一点的词用-est
长的词（音节较多的词）用most...
常见的不规则最高级词有
good是best
bad是worst
far是furthest/farthest
old的最高级有两种
一种是oldest另一种是eldest
oldest可以用在各种情境下
但是eldest基本只用于指家庭成员
比如"My eldest son is 13 year old."（这里也可以说是my oldest son）
"Are you the eldest in your family?"（或者the oldest）
在用了最高级后可以用”in 地方“
比如"What's the longest river in the world?"
in还可以搭配组织或者群体（比如a class/a company）
"Who is the youngest in the class?"（而不是用of the class)
如果想表达时间，则可以用of
"Yesterday was the hottest of the year."
"What was the happiest day of your life?"
最后在最高级后还经常用现在完成时
比如"What's the most important decision you've ever had to make?"
"That was the best holiday I've had for a long time."
常见错误
我们下面给大家举一些常见的比较级及最高级的错误例子
应该使用最高级但是用了比较级
错误：He is the happier person I know.
正确：He is the happiest person I know.
重复使用比较级或者最高级
错误：His car is more faster than mine.
正确：His car is faster than mine.
句子里缺少比较对象
错误：The line moved more slowly.
正确：The line moved more slowly than the line next to it.
句子里有比较对象但是意思模糊
错误：She likes pizza better than her husband. （这里有歧义 可以代表妻子比起丈夫更喜欢pizza）
正确：She likes pizza better than her husband does. （没有问题 句子指妻子比丈夫更喜欢pizza）
在用最高级时缺少定冠词”the“
错误：Finishing quickly was least important task.
正确：Finishing quickly was the least important task.
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