Practice makes perfect熟练生巧
17(2020成都市中考题)
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A man walking through an elephant camp was surprised to find that the elephants weren't being kept in cages or held by chains. All that was holding them back from running away from the camp was a small piece of rope— it was just ___61___ to one of their legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn't understand it. Why didn't the elephants just use their power to break the rope and run away?
Wanting to know the __62__, he asked a trainer nearby why it was so.
"When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same size of rope to tie them, and at that age, it was enough ___63___ them. As they grew up, they still believed that they couldn't break away. Even now, they believe the rope can still control them, so they have the ___64___ courage to try to break free, "the trainer answered. The man was ___65___. These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted, but it was only because over time, they believed that it was just ___66__
How many of us go through life like the elephants -—believing that it was beyond (超越)our ___67___ to do something only because we failed once or some times before?
Failure is part of ___68___. If we fail at something, we can still get something from it. Failure in the past doesn't mean we can never ___69___ in the future. We should keep on trying with confidence _____70_____ even after we have experienced failures in life.
语篇分析：
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述当作者看到大象前腿上系着一根细绳，大象却不会挣脱时，感到惊讶。驯象师告诉他这是因为大象在很小的时候，因为挣脱不了这个绳子，他长大了仍然以为挣脱不了，所以就放弃努力了。本文通过讲述栓大象的绳子来告诉我们，面对失败，不要放弃，要坚持斗争；失败是生活中的一部分，应该不要放弃挣扎。
答案详解：
61. 句意：它只是绑在它们的一条腿上。 根据前句“All that was holding them back from running away from the camp was a small piece of rope所有阻止他们逃离营地的都是一根小绳子”可知，空前的it指a small piece of rope，结合所提供单词可知，此处是说它只是“绑”在它们的一条腿上，是被动语态，所以用tie的过去分词形式，be tied to one of their legs符合语境。故填tied。
62. 句意：想知道真相，所以他问附近的一个训象师为什么会这样。 根据后面“he asked a trainer nearby why it was so”结合前句“Why didn't the elephants just use their power to break the rope and run away? 大象为什么不利用它们的力量来折断绳子逃跑呢”可知，此处是说想知道“真相”，结合所提供单词可知，应该用true的名词形式truth。故填truth。
63. 句意：在那个年龄，绳子已经足够拴住它们了。 根据前面句子“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same size of rope to tie them”结 合本句意思可知，在大象小的时候，绳子足以拴住它们，主语是it，所以动词应该用hold；本句句式是it is 形容词 to do sth，所以此处用hold的不定式形式to hold。故填to hold。
64.句意：所以他们没有勇气尝试挣脱 根据前句“Even now, they believe the rope can still control them即使现在，他们相信绳子仍然可以控制它们”结合所提供单词可知，此处是说没有勇气尝试挣脱；根据空前的the可知，空处应该用little的最高级形式least。故填least。
65.句意：男人无语了。 根据后句“These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted”可知，此处是说男人无话可说了，结合所提供单词可知，此处应该用speech的形容词形式speechless,故填speechless。
66.句意：它们相信这是不可能的。 根据前句“but it was only because over time,”可知事实与前面所说的“These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wan-ted,”相反，所以此处是说这不可能，结合所提供单词可知，空处用possible的反义词impossible。故填impossible。
67. 句意：认为这超出了我们做某事的能力，仅仅是因为我们以前失败过一次或几次？根据前面“How many of us go through life like the elephants”结合后面“because we failed once or some times before”可知，此处是说超出了我们的“能力”，结合所提供单词可知此处应该用ability或复数形式abilities。故填ability/abilities。
68.句意：失败是学习的一部分。 根据后面“If we fail at something, we can still get something from it”结合常识及所提供单词可知，此处应该是说失败是“学习”的一部分，所以应该用learn的动名词形式learning。故填learning。
69.句意：过去的失败并不意味着我们将来永远不能成功。 根据空前“Failure in the past”可知，此处应该是表达“成功”，情态动词can后跟动词原形，此处应该用动词形式，结合所提供单词可知，此处用success的动词形式succeed。故填succeed。
70.句意：即使我们经历了生活中的失败，我们自己要有信心地继续努力。 根据后面“even after we have experienced failures in life”结合所提供单词可知，努力奋斗只能靠自己，所以用反身代词形式ourselves。故填ourselves。
18（山东威海2020中考题）
A.get into the cooking area ,
B. Secondly ,C. seriously ,
D.Experts,E.in your own home ,
F.properly, G.cause these problems
H. Of course, I .Many people ,
J.move quickly out of the room
Smoke pollution in your home
Do you ever get a bad cough that won't go away？ Do you have trouble breathing？Do your eyes hurt when you or your parents are cooking？The air in your home could _1_ ． In fact，
smoke and other kinds of air pollution can cause serious illnesses or make them worse．
Everyone knows that there is air pollution in the street， but it's a shock when you discover that you are also in danger from pollution _2_．
_3_ ,especially those who live in Villages in the countryside ,burn coal or wood on an open fire．This can be really dangerous，because there are harmful chemicals（化学物质）in the smoke from both wood and coal and they can _4_ pollute the air in your home.When you breathe in these chemicals， they can harm your lungs（肺） and other parts of your body. _5_think that about 50 percent of open fires are dangerous, because chimneys （烟囱）don't work _6_ and too much smoke stays in the house．
Gas and other fuels that people use for cooking can also be harmful.Again,the problem is often that fresh air doesn't _7_ .
There are things you can do to reduce（减少）the amount of bad air in your home．_8_ you have to keep warm and you can't stop cooking，but you can reduce the amount of bad air you breathe．
First of all， avoid smoky areas as much as you can． Although it is important for adults to stay away from smoke,it is especially important for children_9_ ，
if an open fire or cooking cause smoke in your home， find a way to fix it． Make sure that there is a way for smoke to_10_ ．To do this， you may need to move your cooker． And you definitely need to open your windows more often，even in winter． You'll be glad you did it!
语篇分析：
本文主要介绍了乡下村里用木头或炭做法和取暖，这些烟对人身体也是有害的．要确保有一个通道让烟快速的出去．
答案解析：
（1）G．考查动词短语．根据" In fact， smoke and other kinds of air pollution can cause serious illnesses or make them worse． "可知此处是指你家里的空气就是引起这些问题的原因．故选G．
（2）E．考查介词短语．根据"Everyone knows that there is air pollution in the street， but "可知此处是指在你自己家里也会被污染，这是一个令人震惊的事情．故选E．
（3）I．考查名词．根据"especially those who live in Villages in the countryside"可知此处是指许多住在乡下村子里的人．故选I．
（4）C．考查副词．根据空格后面的词语是动词"pollute "所以要用副词来修饰动词．故选C．
（5）D．考查名词．根据"think that about 50 percent of open fires are dangerous，"通过分析句子结构，可知，空格处需要一个可以作主语的词来填空．结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指专家认为．故选D．
（6）F．考查副词．根据"don't work"可知此处是指烟囱不正确的工作．故选F．
（7）A．考查动词短语．根据"the problem is often that fresh air doesn't"可知此处是指问题是新鲜的空气不能进入到厨房里．故选A．
（8）H．考查固定短语．根据"you have to keep warm and you can't stop cooking"可知此处是指当然了，你不得不要保暖，还不能停止做饭．故选H．
（9）B．考查副词．根据" First of all"可知此处是指第二/其次．故选B．
（10）J．考查．根据"find a way to fix it． Make sure that there is a way for smoke to"可知此处是指确保要有一个通道让烟快速的出去．故选J．
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