---Authored by Soren Rosier ---Translated by Wits Tu(（锐智多谋·Wisdom）
Many people have trouble with reading. Reading well takes time, patience, and practice! The most important thing to figure out is the purpose of your reading: looking at instructions to build furniture and studying a textbook are not the same thing! Once you’ve figured out your purpose, you can choose to focus on what are known as intensive reading techniques that stress things like vocabulary and speed, or instead on extensive techniques that will help you engage with the meaning of a text in a deeper way.很多人阅读都会遇到问题。熟练阅读需要时间、耐心和训练。阅读时最重要的是弄清阅读的目的：搭建家具要看组装说明，它同阅读课本大相径庭。一旦你弄清阅读的目的，你就会选择注意力去注重类似词汇和速度的精读阅读技法。 反过来，泛读的阅读技法会帮你去关注一个篇章的深度含义。
Method3 Reading Extensively泛读1
Try extensive reading if you’re looking for understanding. Extensive reading works when you’re trying to determine the meaning of what you’re reading. This technique focuses on the overall picture. It’s best for things like studying a textbook, reading a newspaper article for information, or reading a book for school.
如果你想对文本作一了解的话，可以尝试泛读技巧。当你试图确定所读内容的意义时，泛读是有效的。这项技术着眼于全局。它最适合学习课本，阅读报纸文章获取信息，或者为在学校接受教育。
2Take notes on your reading. If you want to read to understand something on a deeper level, like studying a textbook, it helps to read more actively. Keep a notebook out and make notes on important things you notice as you read.
For instance, you can make bullet points to summarize every time you come to a major idea.
If there are key terms or dates in whatever you’re reading, make a note of those as well.
If there are parts you don’t understand, write down the questions you have and come back to them later.
做阅读笔记。如果你想通过阅读来更深层次地理解一些东西，比如学习课本，那就有助于更积极地阅读。把笔记本放在外面，在你阅读时注意到的重要内容上做笔记。
例如，每当你想到一个重要的想法时，你可以用要点来总结。
如果你正在阅读的东西中有关键的术语或日期，也要记下来。
如果你有不明白的地方，写下你的问题，回头再思考。
3Annotate your reading. If you’re able to write in or mark up whatever it is you’re reading, this can also help increase your understanding. For instance, you can underline or highlight important passages. You could also try things like circling key terms and writing notes in the margins.
为你的阅读做注解。如果你能写下或标出你正在读的东西，这也有助于提高你的理解力。例如，你可以在重要的段落下面加下划线或作强调。你也可以试着在页边空白处圈出关键术语并记下笔记。
4
Review what you’re reading by summarizing it. Every so often, stop and write a few sentences in your notes to summarize what you’ve read so far. Putting the main ideas into your own words and writing them out is a way of checking that you understand what you’re reading. Going back over the material also helps you remember what you’ve read.
If you have trouble summarizing or remembering any part of what you’ve read, go back over it again.
You can also try writing out a summary in an outline form, rather than full sentences.
总结一下你正在读的文本。每隔一段时间，停下来在笔记里写几句话，总结一下你读到的内容。把主要的想法用你自己的话写出来，是一种检查你是否理解你在读的东西的方法。回顾这些材料也有助于你记住你读过的东西。
如果你在总结或记忆所读内容时遇到困难，请再回看一遍。
你也可以尝试用大纲的形式写一篇摘要，而不是用完整的句子。
5Identify key words and concepts. When you encounter a word or concept that seems essential to a text's meaning, make a note of it. If you are reading a textbook, these might even be set apart in bold print, or in a separate vocabulary section. You can write the words or concepts down to study them later, or even make a set of flash cards.
If you come across a word or concept that seems important but is not clearly defined in the text, look up its meaning in a dictionary or encyclopedia (either online or print).
If you see certain words being used over and over again, that’s another sign that they’re important for what you’re reading and worth looking up.
识别关键词和概念。当你遇到一个词或概念，似乎对理解文本必不可少，做笔记。如果你正在阅读一本教科书，它们甚至可能用黑体字或单独的词汇学习区分开。你可以把这些单词或概念写下来，以后再研究，甚至可以制作一套读书卡片。
如果你遇到一个词或概念，似乎很重要，但在文本中没有明确的定义，查字典或百科全书（无论是网上或纸质的）。
如果你一次又一次地看到某些单词被使用，这是另一个信号，表明它们对你正在阅读的内容很重要，值得一看。
Method 4 Staying Focused and Motivated 保持专注和积极性1
Read with a friend. Getting through a text can be easier and more fun when you’re not doing it alone. For instance, you can try reading the same section of a text as your partner, then talking about it to make sure you both understood the main ideas.
To improve reading aloud you can even pair yourself with someone you feel is a better reader. While your partner is reading, listen to your their pronunciation, speed, and rhythm. Take a turn yourself, then ask for feedback.
和朋友一起阅读。当你不是一个人的时候，阅读一篇文章会更容易，也更有趣。例如，你可以试着和你的搭档读同一段文字，然后谈论，以确保你们都理解了主要的观点。
为了提高朗读水平，你甚至可以和你认为更好的读者配对。当你的搭档在看书时，听听他们的发音、速度和节奏。然后自读一遍，然后征求反馈意见。
2Choose the right reading environment. If you really want to concentrate on your reading, step away from television, music, phones, computers, and chatty people. These distractions make it hard to focus, dragging out reading and causing frustration.
Try reading in a quiet, well-lit place with a desk and comfortable chair, if you can.
选择合适的阅读环境。如果你真的想专心读书，那就远离电视、音乐、电话、电脑和爱聊天的人。这些分散注意力的事情让人很难集中注意力。拖拖拉拉地阅读，会造成挫败感。
如果可以的话，试着在一个安静、光线充足的地方看书，这地方配有桌子和舒适的椅子。
3
Use a pointer while reading if you have trouble focusing on the page. Take a bookmark, ruler, or small piece of paper and set it on the page you want to read. Slide it down so you can only read one line of text, then move it down to read the next line, and so on. Doing this can make reading feel more manageable.
如果你在阅读时无法集中注意力在所读的页面上，请在阅读时使用“阅读定位器”。拿一个书签、尺子或一张小纸，把它放在你想看的页面上。向下滑动，这样您只能阅读一行文本，然后向下移动以阅读下一行，依此类推。这样做可以使阅读更容易掌握。
4Read something you’re interested in, if you have a choice. It’s no surprise that you’ll be more motivated to read a text that you genuinely care about. If you’re given the chance to select books or other things to read for yourself, seek out topics you are interested in.
如果你有选择的话，读一些你感兴趣的东西。毫不奇怪，你会更有动力阅读你真正喜欢的文本。如果你有机会为自己选择书籍或其他东西阅读，找出你感兴趣的话题。
5Track your progress. Keep records, like a list of books or articles you’ve gone through, and how many minutes you read each day. Seeing how much you’ve accomplished over time can encourage you to keep making progress.
跟踪你的进度。保持记录，比如你所读过的书或文章的清单，以及你每天阅读的时间。随着时间的推移，看看你完成了多少可以鼓励你不断进步。
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