剑桥大学最近发布的一项研究显示,在过去10年里,食物和饮料都变得越来越甜。

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(1)

图源:healthline网站

研究人员基于全球市场销售数据,详细分析了2007至2019年间包装食品和饮料里添加糖和甜味剂的含量,结果出乎意料:全球范围内,饮料中的甜味剂人均消耗量增加了36%,包装食品中的添加糖人均消耗量增加了9%。

Using market sales data from around the globe, we looked at the quantity of added sugar and non-nutritive sweeteners sold in packaged foods and drinks from 2007 to 2019.

We found per person volumes of non-nutritive sweeteners in drinks is now 36% higher globally. Added sugars in packaged food is 9% higher.

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(2)

有小伙伴可能会说,我平时不怎么吃糖,应该没什么问题吧。实际上,不管你平时偏甜口还是咸口,食物和饮料都在变得越来越甜。

Whether you’re a sweet or a savory person, chances are, in the past 10 years, your sugar consumption has increased, as a new study by Cambridge University has found that food and drinks have been getting sweeter over the last decade.

警惕“隐形”的糖

提起糖,可能首先会想到蛋糕、甜甜圈、巧克力棒等糖分大户,而更多的糖实际上以一种“隐形”的方式进入到我们的日常生活中。

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(3)

许多低脂产品或者减肥餐的实际含糖量可能并不小。因为没有了脂肪,食物风味会大打折扣,商家则会选用添加糖或者人工甜味剂,让食物更好吃。

Savory foods and even foods marked as 'healthy' often contain 'hidden' sugars.

甜味剂不是糖,吃了是不是就没有风险了呢?

其实不然。这些甜味剂包括人造甜味剂,如阿斯巴甜(aspartame)和天然甜味剂,如甜菊糖(stevia),虽然不含热量,但甜味剂的摄取可能会导致一些健康问题,如糖尿病、肠道菌群紊乱

Despite their lack of dietary energy, recent reviews suggest consuming non-nutritive sweeteners may be linked with type 2 diabetes and heart disease and can disrupt the gut microbiome.

尽管非营养性甜味剂没什么热量,但最近的研究表明,食用这些甜味剂可能与二型糖尿病和心脏病有关,并破坏肠道微生物群。

microbiome:微生物群落

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(4)

非营养性甜味剂会让人越吃甜越上瘾。对孩子来说,甜味剂会塑造他们的口味偏好,很难再形成正常的饮食习惯。

And because they are sweet, ingesting non-nutritive sweeteners influences our palates and encourages us to want more sweet food. This is of particular concern for children, who are still developing their lifelong taste preferences.

非营养性甜味剂吃起来很甜,这会影响我们的味觉,并刺激人们吃更多的甜食。鉴于儿童正处于味觉偏好发育期,他们更要特别注意摄入量。

值得警惕的是,非营养甜味剂一般使用在超加工食品(ultra-processed foods)中,让这些食品变得“超级美味(hyper-palatable)”。剑桥大学这项研究指出,超加工食品会导致心脏病、二型糖尿病、癌症甚至死亡。

Eating more ultra-processed foods is linked with more heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and death.

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(5)

另外,“糖”不等同于蔗糖,葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖等也是糖。近几年,很多产品都打着“0糖、0卡、0脂”的卖点。根据《预包装食品营养标签通则》,“无糖”指每100毫升含糖量不超过0.5克,只能说含糖量比较少。

所以,如果长期吃那些打着0糖口号的食物,你可能已经正在长胖的路上。

根据《中国居民膳食指南》建议,每天摄入的添加糖,不应该超过50g,最好限制在25g以内。所以,甜食虽好,为了身体健康,适量为宜。

如何有效控糖

最后,双语君奉上一些控糖小贴士,帮助大家少吃糖,维持一个好身体。

看食品标签

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(6)

Ingredients are listed in order of how much exists in the product, so if sugar's near the top, that's a red flag.

食品成分表是按照含量从高到低的顺序进行排列的,如果糖处在成分表很靠前的位置,那你就要注意了!

多吃高蛋白的食物

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(7)

A high sugar intake has been linked to increased appetite and weight gain. Conversely, a diet low in added sugar but high in protein and fiber may have the opposite effect, reducing hunger and promoting fullness.

吃高糖食物,会导致胃口变大、体重增加。如果吃低糖、高蛋白、高纤维食物就没那么容易饿,增加饱腹感。

保持充足睡眠

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(8)

Lack of sleep may also affect the types of food you eat, predisposing you to choices that are higher in sugar, fat, salt, and calories .

睡眠和吃的食物种类有一定关系,如果缺乏睡眠,可能更容易选择吃糖、脂肪、盐和卡路里含量高的食物。

买不加糖的食物

每天吃60个薄荷糖好吗(你吃了多少隐形的糖)(9)

One strategy: buy foods labeled "no added sugar" or "unsweetened."

有一条策略就是购买那些写着“不添加糖”或者“未含糖”的食品。

You'll find unsweetened versions of these common foods in most grocery stores: soy, apple sauce, and oatmeal.

在超市里可以找到很多常见食物的无糖版替代品,例如:豆浆、苹果酱、燕麦片等。

编辑:陈月华

实习生:闫庚乾

来源:腾讯医典 帝国理工学院新闻 healthline Insider

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