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1. lack n. 缺乏；短缺 v. 没有；缺乏；不足
( 1) He was got a bad headache for / through lack of sleep.因缺乏睡眠他患上了严重的头痛。
【答案】for / through
( 2) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼息息相关。根据句意，所表达的应是“缺乏”的意思。Limit“限制”；need“需要”；demand“需求”。故选B。
( 3) Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
【答案】答案 C解析：从句补全为：Though his parents lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university。由于lack在句中表主动，此处用现在分词。
2. lay v. 放置；搁；下（蛋）；产（卵）
( 1) One day while we were①________ (躺) on the grass, he ②________ (对……撒谎) to me that he ③________ (放置) the eggs that the hen had just ④________ (下蛋) on the table. I knew he was telling a ⑤________ (谎言).
【答案】①lying ② lied ③laid ④ laid ⑤lie
( 2) The table still _____ where I _____ it a few days before.
A. lay; lay B. laid; had laid C. lay; had laid D. was lying; had laid
【答案】答案 C解析：第一空的lay是lie的过去式；第二空有lay the table之意，laid为lay的过去分词，而D项要说…was still lying。
( 3) It’s raining outside. Please wipe your shoes on the carpet ______ in the hall before coming in.
A. lay B. laid C. lied D. lain
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：外面在下雨，进来时请首先在厅里的垫子上擦擦鞋。laid是lay的过去分词，意为“放置”在句中作后置定语，与carpet是被动关系。
3. likely a. 可能要发生的；可能属实的 ad. 可能
( 1) A: I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow.
B: ______________________I will be busy tomorrow.
【答案】It is likely that
( 2) Next after coffee, Americans are _____ to drink cola drinks, such as Coke or Pepsi, or other soft drinks.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. as well
【答案】答案 B解析：A、B、C三项中只有likely可用于sb. / sth. be likely to do…结构。
( 3) There are few electronic applications _____ to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than robots.
A. likely B. more likely C. most likely D. much likely
【答案】答案 B解析：句中有than，故应用比较级形式。
( 4)People are encouraged to speak openly，but careless words are to hurt others’ feelings.
A．possible B．probable
C．likely D．sure
【答案】答案C解析：常用sb./sth.be likely to do或it’s likely＋从句，表示“可能”；possible与probable后常跟that从句表示“很有可能”；be sure to do sth.一定做某事。
4. live v. 住；居住 a. 活的；现场直播的
( 1) He failed to ___________________ (辜负) his parents’ expectation.
( 2) He has __________________ (经历) two world wars.他经历了两次世界大战。
【答案】(1) live up to (2)lived through
( 3) People in the north ______ chiefly _____ wheat.
A. live; on B. eat; on C. live; by D. have; with
【答案】答案 A解析：live on“以……为主食”，on后的宾语多为rice, wheat, potatoes, money, salary, rent等；live by是指通过“什么方法、手段”来谋生，因此，有时后跟动名词。
( 4) You should _____ what your parents expect of you.
A. live up to B. stand up to C. look up to D. run up to
【答案】答案 A解析：live up to“遵守，不辜负”。stand up to“勇敢面对”；look up to“尊敬，仰慕”；run up to“（物价等）急速上升到”。
5. latter a. 后者的n. 后者
(1) I invited Tom and Mary to my birthday party. ___________ is 15 years old and ________16.我邀请了汤姆和玛丽来参加我的生日晚会。前者（汤姆）15岁，后者（玛丽）16岁。
【答案】The former ; the latter
(2) Of your two examples, I prefer the ______.
A. late B. later C. latest D. latter
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：在你举的两个例子中，我更喜欢后者。the latter“后者”，为固定短语。
(3) Our suggestion is to have a picnic in the park, the other is to go to the Museum of Folk Arts, Personally, I prefer the ______.
A. last B. next C. later D. latter
【答案】答案 D解析：later表达的是时间关系，一般用在表示一段时间的名词短语之后，表示“……之后”。latter表达的是顺序关系，与former配合，表示两者中的前者和后者。
6. limit n. 限度；限制 v. 限制；限定
( 1) Families are limited ________ four free tickets each.每户限发四张免费票。
【答案】to
( 2) —Is there any ______ to the time that I can stay here?
—Yes, you must leave here before he comes back.
A. number B. length C. limit D. matter
【答案】答案 C解析：问句句意：我呆在这里的时间有限制吗？limit表“限定，限制”之意。
( 3) In the zoo, the number of visitors is tightly ______ to avoid putting stress on the animals.
A. limited B. encouraged C. expected D. intended
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：在动物园，游客和数量受到严格限制是为了避免对动物产生压力。limite “限制”，符合题意。
7. loss n. 丧失；损失；亏损
( 1) He was ___________(茫然不知所措) what to do.
【答案】at a loss
(2) He was at a ______ what to say to the teacher’s question — obviously he was _____ in thought just now.
A. loss; losing B. loss; lost C. losing; lost D. lost; loss
【答案】答案 B解析：第一空考查固定短评at a loss，意为“困惑，不知所措”。第二空考查固定搭配be lost in“沉迷于……”。
(3) The loss has not yet been _____ accurately, but it’s believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：损失还没有准确计算……。calculate“计算”，符合题意。
8. look forward to期待；盼望
(1)When I was a child，I was always looking forward to _______________ (come) to China.
【答案】coming
(2)I’m going to Beijing during the summer holidays，and I’m to seeing all of you there very much.
A．wanting B．eager
C．looking forward D．anxious
【答案】答案 C
解析 由look forward to doing sth.可知。
(3)The day we were looking forward to at last.
A．arriving B．came C．appear D．ends
【答案】答案 B
解析 由句子结构可知，空中应为谓语动词且应用过去时，故选B。
9．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(1)His parents died，_______________________. 他父母双亡，使他成了孤儿。
(2)They started out hurriedly，____________ the dishes ____________ (untouch).
【答案】(1) leaving him an orphan (2)leaving ; untouched
(3)When he came back，he found the bag he had over the seat was gone.
A．left to hang B．left hanging
C．left hung D．to leave hanging
【答案】答案 B
解析 find sth.doing结构，he had left为定语从句。句意为：当他回来的时候，他发现挂在座位上的书包不见了。
(4)—Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard?
—No，dear.You can’t them good.Put them in the fridge instead.
A．leave B．fit C．get D．last
【答案】答案 A
解析 答句意为：不可以，你不能使它们保存完好。应把它们放进冰箱。leave＋宾语＋形容词“使……处于某种状态”。
10．lead to导致，造成(后果)(cause，result in，bring about)；通向
(1) Carefulness ____________________________(导致) success while failure may ______________________(由……引起) carelessness.
【答案】leads to/results in/causes/brings about ; lie in/result from
(2)The good result the correct methods，that is to say，correct methods good result.
A．lies；lead B．leads to；lie in
C．lies in；lead to D．lies to；lead to
【答案】答案 C
解析 句意为：好的结果在于正确的方法，也就是说，正确的方法导致好的结果。
(3)We strongly believe that war never settles anything.It only violence.
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
【答案】答案 C
解析 由句意可知，此处应是“战争只能导致暴力”。lead to导致；造成，符合句意。
11．leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会，忽视；不受欢迎
(1) It’s high time we ___________ (动身去) the airport.
(2)You can ____________the details；just give us the main facts.
【答案】(1) left for (2)leave out
(3)The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details while retelling the story.
A．bring out B．let out
C．leave out D．make out
【答案】答案 C
解析 由句意可知，此处应为“不应漏掉任何重要的细节”。leave out漏掉，符合句意。
(4)—How did feel to run 3,000 metres at the sports meeting?
—Terrible！Especially when I saw I was left so far by the others.
A．that；alone B．it；alone
C．that；behind D．it；behind
【答案】答案 D
解析 第一空it作形式主语，指代to run 3,000 metres at the sports meeting；第二空为leave...behind被落在后面。
12．look back on/at回顾
(1)用look的相关短语完成下面的情景
I have been ①____________ seeing my husband in the past two weeks.But he was busy ②_____________ a murder with another two policemen.As a policeman，he even ③_______________his work ④________ life.When I was ⑤________________today’s newspaper，I came across a photo of a hero.It was my husband.How proud I felt of him!
【答案】①looking forward to ; ②looking into ; ③looks upon/on ; ④as life ; ⑤looking through
(2)—Why is that old man smiling?
—Perhaps he is his childhood.
A．looking into B．looking back on
C．looking ahead D．looking through
【答案】答案 B
解析 答语句意为：或许他在回忆自己的童年。look back on回顾。
(3)It is reported that the police will soon the case of the two missing children.
A．look upon B．look after
C．look into D．look out
【答案】答案 C
解析 句意为：据报道，警方将很快调查失踪的两个孩子的案件。此处look into表示“调查”。
13．leave...behind把……抛在后面；留下；忘带
(1) Please leave my personal affairs alone. 请别管我的私事。
(2)Don’t leave your coat behind!
【答案】(1) alone (2)behind
(3)—Are you going to have a holiday this year?
—I’d love to.I can’t wait to leave this place .
A．off B．out
C．behind D．over
【答案】答案 C
解析 答语句意为：我迫不及待地想离开这个地方了。
(4)It’s unnatural for a mother to leave her child to enjoy herself.
A．alone B．lonely
C．lone D．loneliness
【答案】答案 A
解析 leave sb.alone让某人一个人待着，固定搭配。
14．let down放下；使失望；辜负；不支持；拆台
(1) My mom would not let me ________ so late at night.我妈妈不让我在晚上那么晚去。
(2)I hardly had time to think these days，let ________ relax. 我现在几乎都没时间思考，更不用说休息了。
(3)He won’t let you ________；he’s very reliable.他不会让我失望，他很可靠。
【答案】(1) out (2) alone (3)down
(4)We’ve been so many times by the importers，who always seem to be late delivering the goods.
A．let alone B．let out
C．let off D．let down
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：进口商们已多次使我们失望，他们似乎总是推迟交货。let down使
失望。
(5)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out
【答案】答案 A
解析 由句意可知，此处为“他不小心泄露了……”。let out泄露(秘密等)，符合句意。
15．let out放出；发出；泄露(秘密等)；把(衣服)改大
(1) Don’t let go of the rope. 别松开绳子。
(2)Throwing their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
伴随着获胜队的粉丝们胜利的欢呼声，大家都将帽子抛向了空中。
【答案】(1) let go of (2)out
(3)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out
【答案】答案 A
解析 由句意可知，此处为“他不小心泄露了……”。let out泄露(秘密等)，符合句意。
(4)Don’t any detail in your account even if a word.
A．let out B．take care
C．make sure D．make out
【答案】答案 A
解析 词组辨析题。let out发出，泄露；take care当心，小心；make sure确信，确保；make out把……弄清楚。
16．lose heart丧失信心；泄气
(1) She ______________________(爱上) the handsome soldier when they met for the first time.
(2)As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you ________________________(全神贯注) it.
【答案】(1) lost her heart to (2)put your heart into
(3)She said that we shouldn’t in time of difficulties and that we should be hopeful.
A．lose heart B．lose hearts
C．lose our hearts D．lose the heart
【答案】答案 A
解析 由句意可知，此处应是“在困难面前不应灰心丧气”。lose heart灰心丧气。
(4)Though the girl hasn’t lost heart to him，he hasn’t lost heart.
A．her；/ B．the；his
C．/；his D．her；the
【答案】答案 A
解析 lose one’s heart to sb.爱上某人；lose heart灰心丧气。
17．look on...as把……看作；把……视为
(1)I ________it ________an honour to be invited.
【答案】consider / look on / regard / take / treat I ; as
(2)I it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.
A．make B．look
C．take D．think
【答案】答案 C
解析 take...as...把……当作/认为……，另外；look on...as...和think of...as...也有此意。若用A项，需要把后面的as去掉。
(3)We Hawaii the best place for our summer holiday.
A．consider B．regard
C．think about D．think of
【答案】答案 A
解析 consider...(as/to be...)认为……是……。
18．live with和……一起生活；忍受(不愉快的事情)
(1)He has lived ___________ (经历) two world wars.
(2)Now our monthly income is more than enough __________ (以……为生).
(3)She still lives _________ (和……生活) her parents after she got married.
【答案】(1) through (2) to live on (3)with
(4)He managed to the earthquake which killed many people.(2012·贵阳统考)
A．live through B．live on
C．be survived D．be alive
【答案】答案 A
解析 考查动词用法。句意为：地震使许多人丧生，但他却成功地活了下来。live through为及物动词短语，表示“经历过，经受”；live on以……为主食；survive为不及物动词，不用于被动语态；alive为形容词。
(5)It was difficult when she first lost her hearing，but she has learned to it.
A．live on B．live to
C．live with D．live by
【答案】答案 C
解析 live with表示“忍受”的意思，符合题意。
19．lay off裁员，解雇
(1)The car manufacturer has 1,000 workers because of the drop in sales.
A．picked out B．given up
C．dealt with D．laid off
【答案】答案 D
解析 lay off 1,000 workers使1 000名工作人员下岗。
(2)In the global financial crisis some US firms plan to workers by the thousands.
A．lay in B．lay off
C．lay down D．lay aside
【答案】答案 B
解析 句意为：在全球经济危机中，一些美国公司计划数以千计地裁员。lay off解雇，符合句意。
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