1、过去完成时与过去完成进行时
本课主要对比复习第14课、第38课和第62课出现的过去完成时和过去完成进行时的区别。如：
He had already finished work before I arrived.
He had been working in a factory for years before he got this job.
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英语过去完成时的用法大全
三、课文主要语言点
As the man tried to swing the speedboat round, the steering wheel came away in his hands.
1）as引导的时间状语从句。
2）注意try to do（努力做）和try doing（尝试做）的区别。
3）swing...round，使转向。
4）the steering wheel，方向盘。
5）come away，离开、脱开。
He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water skiing for the last fifteen minutes.
1）wave to sb.，向某人招手示意。
2）desperately，绝望地。源自形容词desperate（绝望的），其名词为desperation（绝望）。
3）companion，同伴。
4）water ski，滑水。
5）last，过去的。
Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violently into the sea.
1）注意复习hardly...when...以及no sooner...than...的用法，表示“一...就...”。
2）what was happening用作realize的宾语从句。
3）violently，猛烈地、强烈地。源自形容词violent（猛烈的；暴力的），其名词为violence（猛烈；暴力）。
The speedboat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water.
1）buoy，浮标。
2）across the water，在水面上。
Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore, when they noticed with dismay that the speedboat was moving in a circle.
1）with dismay，惊愕地。
2）move in a circle，打转。
It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed. In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away.
1）straight，径直、直接。
2）at a tremendous speed，以惊人的速度。tremendous，巨大的。
3）roar past sb.，呼啸着经过某人。
After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return.
1）swim on，继续游。
2）as quickly as they could，尽可能快地。
They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle.
1）out of danger，远离危险。
2）complete，完成。用作动词。
On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been used up.
1）on...occasion，在...场合下。
2）slow down，放慢、减速。
3）considerably，明显地、显著地。
4）use up，用完、耗尽。
Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.
1）the noise dropped，噪音降低了。
2）drift gently，悠悠地漂浮。drift，漂动；gently，缓慢地、轻轻地。
四、课文摘要
When the speedboat had struck a buoy, both men were thrown into the water. It moved off very quickly and, while the men were swimming towards the shore, it turned in a circle, coming straight towards them. They had no sooner swum out of danger than the boat returned. This time, however, it had lost its speed because nearly all the petrol had been used up, so at last it floated across the water.
五、语用文化
北大的故事
1898年6月，光绪帝颁布《明定国是诏》推行“戊戌变法”，诏书中强调“京师大学堂为各行省之倡，尤应首先举办”。1898年7月3日，光绪帝批准了由梁启超代为起草的《奏拟京师大学堂章程》，正式创办京师大学堂，并任命吏部尚书、协办大学士孙家鼐为首任管理大学堂事务大臣（管学大臣）。随后，孙家鼐任命许景澄为中学总教习，美国传教士丁韪良为西学总教习。9月21日，慈禧太后与守旧派发动戊戌政变，百日维新失败。但是，京师大学堂得以保留。
京师大学堂是当时中国最高学府和最高教育行政机关，因此很多学者（如胡适、冯友兰、季羡林等）认为，北京大学是中国历代太学（国子监、国子学）的继承者，是古代最高学府在现代的延续，甚至认为北大校史应从汉朝太学算起；另一方面，北大又是中国近代正式设立的第一所大学，是中国近现代高等教育划时代的开创者，故有“上承太学正统，下立大学祖庭”之说。
1910年，京师大学堂开办分科大学，开办经科、文科、法政科、商科、格致科（理科）、工科、农科共七科，设十三学门，分别是经科的诗经、周礼、春秋左传，文科的中国文学、中国史学，法政科的政治、法学，商科的银行保险，格致科的地质、化学，工科的土木、矿冶，农科的农学，中国近代第一所综合性大学终于初具规模。
1912年5月3日，京师大学堂更名为北京大学校，旋即冠“国立”，是中国历史上第一所冠名“国立”的大学，严复出任更名后的首任校长。1914年，胡仁源任北京大学校长。此时已有黄侃、辜鸿铭、钱玄同、马叙伦、陶孟和、冯祖荀、何育杰、俞同奎等名家在北京大学任教。
北京大学由教育部直属，中央直管副部级建制，系国家“211工程”、“985工程”、“2011计划”建设的全国重点大学，是九校联盟（C9）及中国大学校长联谊会、东亚研究型大学协会、国际研究型大学联盟、环太平洋大学联盟、东亚四大学论坛、国际公立大学论坛重要成员。
六、学习建议
1、注意过去完成时和过去完成进行时的主要区别在于：动作是否持续或一直在进行，过去完成进行时表示的是一直持续的动作。
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