生物基热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(精读外刊自然破解科技英语论文)(1)

生物基热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(精读外刊自然破解科技英语论文)(2)

生物基热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(精读外刊自然破解科技英语论文)(3)

本文节选自2021年7月20日出版的《自然-通讯》(Nature Communications),Self-healing polyurethane-elastomer with mechanical tunability for multiple biomedical applications in vivo.

自愈合材料是一种“有生命”的材料,在损伤后,能够像人类的皮肤一样自行愈合,恢复其原有的结构和功能,可以大大延长材料的使用寿命、提高材料的使用安全性、降低材料的维护成本。因此,自愈合材料在汽车涂层、可穿戴电子、软体机器人等诸多领域显示出巨大的应用前景。大多数材料的愈合过程需要额外的刺激(如加热,紫外光等),这些刺激对于生物体而言是有害的,难以在体内实施。因此自愈合材料的体内医学应用研究很少,尚未见真正利用材料的自愈合性来解决体内组织修复的报道。

东华大学纤维材料改性重点国家实验室游正伟教授团队长期致力于生物医用弹性体的研究,和上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院心脏外科赵强、叶晓峰主任医师团队合作,开拓其在组织修复、生物电子等领域的应用。

最近,他们设计了一种力学可调、生物相容、生物可降解,在生理环境下具有出色自发自愈合性的聚肟氨酯弹性体,在体内病变处原位愈合组装构建修复器件,代替缝合线和金属丝在传统腹主动脉瘤、神经接合和胸骨固定手术治疗中的功能,有效避免了手术对病变部位及周围组织的次生损伤,大大方便了手术操作,改善了手术效果。

这里提出的基于材料自愈合性来解决临床问题的视角,将为磅礴发展的自愈合材料开拓新的应用领域,为生物医学问题提供新的解决手段。

论文节选内容如下:

Self-healing polyurethane-elastomer with mechanical tunability for multiple biomedical applications in vivo

用于体内多种生物医学应用的具有机械可调性的自愈合聚氨酯弹性体

重点词汇

self-healing自体愈合的

polyurethane聚氨基甲酸乙酯;聚氨酯;涂;漆;抛光

elastomer弹性体;高弹体

with和…在一起;跟;同;和;有;带有;用;以;借助;反对;对立;由…负责;由…处理;对;对于;为…所雇用;作为… 的成员;受…影响;表示与某物分离

mechanical机械的;机器的;呆板的;机械力的;物理上的;独家灌录权的;力学的;机械学的;机械部件;工人

multiple多个的;多部分的;多成分的;多成员的;多种多样的;许多的;性质复杂的;影响身体多个部分的;倍数;连锁商店;联号商店

biomedical生物医学的

applications申请书;应用;应用程序;申请;(application的复数)

in vivo在活生物体内

The unique properties of self-healing materials hold great potential in the field of biomedical engineering.

自修复材料的独特性能在生物医学工程领域具有巨大的潜力。

Although previous studies have focused on the design and synthesis of self-healing materials, their application in in vivo settings remains limited.

尽管以前的研究集中在自愈合材料的设计和合成上,但它们在体内环境中的应用仍然有限。

Here, we design a series of biodegradable and biocompatible self-healing elastomers (SHEs) with tunable mechanical properties, and apply them to various disease models in vivo, in order to test their reparative potential in multiple tissues and at physiological conditions.

在这里,我们设计了一系列具有可调机械性能的可生物降解和生物相容的自愈合弹性体,并将其应用于体内各种疾病模型,以测试其在多种组织和生理条件下的修复潜力。

We validate the effectiveness of SHEs as promising therapies for aortic aneurysm, nerve coaptation and bone immobilization in three animal models.

我们在三个动物模型中验证了SHE作为主动脉瘤、神经接合和骨固定的有希望的疗法的有效性。

The data presented here support the translation potential of SHEs in diverse settings, and pave the way for the development of self-healing materials in clinical contexts.

本文提供的数据支持了SHE在不同环境中的翻译潜力,并为临床环境中自愈材料的开发铺平了道路。

重点词汇

self-healing自体愈合的

biomedical engineering生物工程;生物工程学

biodegradable可生物降解的

biocompatible生物适应的;不伤害活组织的;不会引起排斥的

tunable音调美的;可合调的;能调出和声的;可调音的

reparative赔偿的;修缮的;弥补的;修理的

therapies治疗;疗法;疗效;心理治疗;治疗力;(therapy的复数)

coaptation互相适应;互相调整;接骨;接合

immobilization固定;使停止流通

pave the way for为…创造条件;为…铺平道路

Inspired by living tissues, research on self-healing materials has advanced over several years, and such materials have shown great potential in biomedicine.

受活体组织的启发,自修复材料的研究已经推进了几年,这种材料在生物医学中显示出巨大的潜力。

However, most self-healing processes require external stimuli (such as heat and UV light), which are harmful to living bodies.

然而,大多数自愈过程需要外部刺激(如热和紫外线),这对活体有害。

Recently, autonomous self-healing materials have attracted increasing attention because their healing conditions are consistent with the conditions of use.

最近,自主自愈材料由于其愈合条件与使用条件一致而越来越受到关注。

However, the use of toxic catalysts or metal ions in self-healing materials is also unacceptable for bioapplications.

然而,在自愈合材料中使用有毒催化剂或金属离子对于生物应用来说也是不可接受的。

Although a few self-healing hydrogels have been investigated for use in biomedical engineering, their limited biodegradability and mechanical properties hinder their applications.

尽管已经研究了一些用于生物医学工程的自愈合水凝胶,但是它们有限的生物降解性和机械性能阻碍了它们的应用。

Furthermore, in vivo applications utilising the self-healing properties of materials have not yet been investigated.

此外,还没有研究利用材料的自愈合特性的体内应用。

Owing to their biomimetic mechanical properties in soft tissues and excellent resilience that is compliant with the dynamic in vivo environment, elastomers such as heart assistance devices and medical catheters have been widely used in biomedicine.

由于其在软组织中的仿生机械性能和适应动态体内环境的优异弹性,诸如心脏辅助装置和医用导管的弹性体已经广泛应用于生物医学。

Therefore, biocompatible and biodegradable self-healing elastomers (SHEs) possess great potential for biomedical applications but have not been reported.

因此,生物相容性和可生物降解的自愈合弹性体具有巨大的生物医学应用潜力,但尚未有报道。

Herein, we designed a new type of autonomously SHE composed of polyurethanes based on dynamic dimethylglyoxime–urethane groups.

在此,我们设计了一种基于动态丁二酮肟-氨基甲酸酯基团的新型自主SHE聚氨酯。

These SHEs showed mechanical tunability, biocompatibility and biodegradability and demonstrated high efficiency in treating certain clinical conditions, such as aneurysms, peripheral nerve amputation and bone immobilisation, because of their excellent self-healability under physiological conditions .

这些SHE表现出机械可调性、生物相容性和生物可降解性,并在治疗某些临床疾病,如动脉瘤、周围神经切断和骨固定方面表现出高效性,因为它们在生理条件下具有优异的自愈性。

重点词汇

inspired by受到...启发;灵感来自...;由...所启发

self-healing自体愈合的

and such等等;诸如此类的事

biomedicine生物医学

stimuli刺激;刺激物;(stimulus的复数)

unacceptable不令人满意的;不能接受的;不合意的

biomedical engineering生物工程;生物工程学

biodegradability生物降解能力

hinder阻碍;打扰;后面的;后方的

in vivo在活生物体内

Suture is the most basic technique in traditional surgery, and it is also an important means of tissue reconstruction and fixation of prostheses.

缝合是传统外科手术中最基本的技术,也是假体组织重建和固定的重要手段。

However, suture, which need long-term training, is a time-consuming and repetitive work, reducing the efficiency of operations.

然而,需要长期训练的缝合是一项耗时且重复的工作,降低了手术效率。

Moreover, due to the rapid advancement of minimally invasive surgery, it is extremely difficult to suture in a narrow surgical field.

而且,由于微创手术的快速推进,在狭窄的手术领域缝合极其困难。

The emergence of SHE could avoid the process of surgical suture, achieving real-time shaping of material during the surgery, greatly simplifying the surgical procedure especially under certain circumstances like endoscopic operation or intracranial operation, etc., improving the efficiency of operations and reducing the chance of surgical trauma to adjacent tissues.

SHE的出现可以避免手术缝合的过程,实现手术过程中材料的实时成型,大大简化了手术过程,尤其是在内窥镜手术或颅内手术等特定情况下,提高了手术效率,减少了手术损伤邻近组织的机会。

In this article, we will demonstrate the surgical process changes brought about by self-healing materials via using three surgery disease models including aneurysm, peripheral injury, and sternum immobilisation.

在这篇文章中,我们将通过使用包括动脉瘤、外周损伤和胸骨固定在内的三种手术疾病模型来演示自愈合材料带来的手术过程变化。

重点词汇

suture缝线;骨缝;缝合;缝合线;缝;接缝;用缝合线缝合

prostheses假体;弥补;(prosthesis的复数)

time-consuming耗费时间的;旷日持久的

repetitive work重复性工作

minimally最低限度地;最低程度地

surgical field手术野;外科领域;手术视野

simplifying简化;使单纯;使简易;(simplify的现在分词)

surgical procedure手术程序;外科程序;外科手术过程

endoscopic内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的

intracranial颅内的;颅骨内的

Aneurysm, peripheral nerve amputation and bone immobilisation, which have been challenging for doctors and patients for a long time, are common but not easily cured diseases in clinical scenarios.

动脉瘤、周围神经切断术和骨固定术长期以来一直是医生和患者面临的挑战,是临床场景中常见但不易治愈的疾病。

Aneurysms are considered as time bombs that are a risk to human life at all ages.

动脉瘤被认为是定时炸弹,对所有年龄段的人来说都是一种生命威胁。

Due to the luminal dilatation of aneurysms, blood vessel haemodynamics transform from streamline to turbulent flow, which leads to endothelial cell dysfunction and aneurysm expansion.

由于动脉瘤的腔内扩张,血管血流动力学从流线转变为湍流,导致内皮细胞功能障碍和动脉瘤扩张。

Peripheral nerve coaptation after amputation is used to be achieved by suturing which has several drawbacks such as time-consuming operations, extra-epineural axonal growth and increased odds of fascicular misconnection.

截肢后的外周神经接合过去是通过缝合来实现的,这有几个缺点,例如耗时的手术、神经外膜外的轴突生长和增加的分束错误连接的几率。

Sternum immobilisation after median sternotomy is a critical procedure after cardiac surgery.

胸骨正中切开术后胸骨固定是心脏手术后的一个关键步骤。

Traditional stainless steel wire cerclage for immobilisation can cause the sternum dehiscence due to the cutting action of metal wires, and can hardly provide good sternal stability leading to serious complications such as pain, osteomyelitis and even respiratory complications.

传统的不锈钢丝环扎固定术会因金属丝的切割作用导致胸骨裂开,难以提供良好的胸骨稳定性,导致疼痛、骨髓炎等严重并发症,甚至呼吸系统并发症。

In addition, residual undegradable steel wires may lead to future problems such as chronic bone non-union and deep sternal wound infection.

此外,残留的不可降解钢丝可能导致未来的问题,如慢性骨不愈合和胸骨深部伤口感染。

重点词汇

amputation截肢;切断

immobilisation固定;停止流通

dilatation扩张;扩张部分

haemodynamics血液动力学

turbulent flow湍流;紊流;涡流

coaptation互相适应;互相调整;接骨;接合

suturing缝合;(suture的现在分词);缝术

axonal轴突的

fascicular丛生的;群生的;维管束的;成束的

sternum胸骨;腹片;腹板

In this study, we design and fabricate a family of mechanically tunable, biocompatible and biodegradable SHEs for biomedical applications.

在这项研究中,我们设计并制造了一系列适用于生物医学应用的机械可调、生物相容和可生物降解的SHE。

Importantly, we explore and demonstrate in vivo applications of the self-healing ability of SHEs to address the poorly resolved clinical scenarios described above.

重要的是,我们探索并展示了SHE自我修复能力的体内应用,以解决上述解决不佳的临床情况。

We take advantage of the tunable mechanical and self-healing properties of SHEs to correct haemodynamics, improve endothelial function and limit the progress of aneurysms.

我们利用SHE可调的机械和自愈特性来纠正血流动力学,改善内皮功能和限制动脉瘤的进展。

Additionally, we provide a novel, convenient and efficient approach for nerve coaptation by utilising the self-healing property of SHEs, making coaptation as simple as playing with LEGO® bricks and much more efficient than suturing.

此外,我们提供了一种新颖、方便、高效的神经接合方法,利用了SHE的自愈特性,使接合像玩乐高积木一样简单,比缝合更有效。

Moreover, we replace metal wires with a biodegradable SHEs to achieve sternum immobilisation and avoid the shortcomings mentioned above.

而且,我们用可生物降解的SHE代替金属线,以实现胸骨固定并避免上述缺点。

重点词汇

fabricate编造;捏造;伪造;组装;装配;制造

mechanically机械地;呆板地;物理上地

tunable音调美的;可合调的;能调出和声的;可调音的

biocompatible生物适应的;不伤害活组织的;不会引起排斥的

biodegradable可生物降解的

self-healing自体愈合的

haemodynamics血液动力学

coaptation互相适应;互相调整;接骨;接合

suturing缝合;(suture的现在分词);缝术

sternum胸骨;腹片;腹板

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