非谓语动词V-ing的用法小结-ing分词的构成：-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：，接下来我们就来聊聊关于非谓语动词特殊用法总结?以下内容大家不妨参考一二希望能帮到您!
非谓语动词特殊用法总结
非谓语动词V-ing的用法小结
-ing分词的构成：-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：
V-ing 主动式 被动式 用法说明
一般式 肯定 否定 being done V-ing的动作与其相应的逻辑主语之间有被动关系时用其被动式
doing not doing
完成式 肯定 否定 having been done V-ing的动作发生在句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前时用其完成式
having done not having done
否定式 一般式 完成式 V-ing的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成
not doing not having done
复合式 句首时 句中时 V-ing的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格 -ing分词构成
one’s doing one’s/one doing
V-ing的句法功能：
一、V-ing形式作主语,此时V-ing形式多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。如:
Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火很危险。
Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。
例1: _______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. For a walk D. Walk
析:动名词作主语通常表示习惯性,泛指经常性的不具体的动作;而不定式作主语则表示一次性的、具体的动作。题中的a good form又暗示考生,这个动作是泛指的、经常性的。故答案为B。
例2: It's no good _____ anything at such times. A. saying B. say C. being said D. to saying
析:V-ing形式也可以用it来作形式主语,通常用于某些形容词或名词之后,如good, use, interesting, better, fun, foolish等。故答案为A。
二、V-ing形式作宾语,可分为两类:
1.在mind（介意）, suggest（建议）, enjoy（欣赏，）, admit（承认）, appreciate（感激，欣赏）, avoid（避免）, delay（推迟）, dislike（不喜欢，厌恶）, escape（逃脱）, finish（完成）, forgive（宽恕）, imagine（想象）, keep（保持）, miss（错过）, practise（训练）, resist（抵抗，抵制）, risk（冒险）, deny（拒绝，否认）, consider（考虑）等动词之后；
或feel like（想）、look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以……自豪）, be responsible for（对……负责）, insist on（坚持）, think of（考虑，想到）, dream of（梦想）, object to（反对，抗议）, hear of（听说）, prevent…from（防止，阻止）, keep…from（防止，阻止）, stop…from（防止，阻止）, be engaged in（从事于）, depend on（依靠，依赖）, thank…for（因……而道谢）, excuse…for（因……而道歉）, aim at（目的在于）, devote…to（献身于）, set about（着手做）, be/get used to（习惯于）, be fond of（喜欢）, be afraid of（害怕）, be tired of（对……厌烦）, succeed in（成功地做……）, be interested in（对……感兴趣）, be ashamed of（对……感到羞愧）词组之后只能用V-ing形式作宾语。如:
I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚？
例3: ---I must apologize for _______ ahead of time. ---That's all right.
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know
析:letting是V-ing形式作介词for的宾语,且否定时not置于动名词之前。故答案为B。
2.在forget, go on, can’t help, mean, regret, remember, stop, try之后可接动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有所区别。如:
I remember doing the exercise. 我记得做过此练习。
I must remember to do it. 我必须记着做这件事。
例4:---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done
析:"后悔做过某事"用regret doing /having done sth., regret当"遗憾"讲时,后面常用动词不定式作宾语,故答案为D。
注意：常见的带介词to的短语，后接-ing分词或名词。如：admit to（承认）, contribute to（捐助、贡献）, get down to（着手做）, give way to（让位于），keep to （坚持、遵守）, lead to （导致）,look forward to（期待）, take to（从事）, turn to （求助于）, stick to（忠于、坚持）, point to（指向、表明）, see to （注意、处理）, be/get used to （习惯于）, devote oneself to （献身于）, be equal to （胜任的、等于）, be familiar to （为……熟悉）, pay attention to （注意），belong to （属于），refer to （指，涉及）。
三、作表语,可分为两种情况:
1.表示"使人感到……"的一种性质或特征。如: The news is inspiring. 这消息很令人鼓舞。
例5: The speech was very _______ , and we were ______ to tears.
A. moved; moved B. moving; moving C. moving; moved D. moved; moving
析: moving"令人感动的"; moved"被感动的"。故答案为C。
2.表示抽象概念的动作,这种动作未必正在进行。如: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
例6: Her job is _______ all the children.
A. look after B. looking after C. looked after D. having looked after
析:此题中V-ing形式为概括的动作,故答案为B.
四、V-ing形式作定语：（与其逻辑主语即被修饰的名词之间有主动关系）
1. V-ing形式作前置定语,表示用途,即"用来做……";或表示性质,即"……的"。如:
The reading-room is bright and large. 阅览室宽敞明亮。
I found a sleeping baby on the bed. 我发现在床上有个熟睡的孩子。
例7: Everybody says he is a _______ boy. A. promised B. promising C. to promise D. promise
析:这是一个典型的V-ing形式作前置定语的例子,是以形容词功能出现的,在这里promising意为"有希望的"。故答案为 B 。
2. V-ing短语作后置定语,往往表示正在发生或与谓语动词同时发生的动作,其作用相当于一个定语从句。如:
The man standing by the window ( = who is standing by the window) is our teacher. 那个站在窗户旁边的人是我们的老师。
The man breaking the law (= who broke the law ) was sentenced to death. 违反了法律的那个年轻人被判处死刑。
例8: When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ "Sorry to miss you; will call later." A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
析:现在分词短语作后置定语修饰message,其功能相当于一个定语从句, 表示的是与主句表示的时间一致的情况; 不定式作定语常指未来的动作,C与题意不符。答案为D。
五、V-ing形式作状语：（与其逻辑主语即主句主语之间有主动关系）
1. 原因状语。如: Being a student, I must study hard. 作为一个学生,我必须努力学习.
例9: _______ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not to receive B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Not receiving
析: receive与主句的主语he之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式,但主句中的again又暗示考生,分词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,因此应用现在分词的完成式。not一般置于分词之前.故答案为C。
2.作方式状语,表伴随情况。如: She stood by the window, watching people passing by her window. 她站在窗前,望着来来往往的人们。
例10: "Can't you read ?" Mary said, _______ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing
析:现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为 A。
3. 时间状语。如:
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 当他看书的时候,不时地点着头。
例11: When _______ the door, he found a cat in the room.
A. open B. opening C. opened D. to open
析:When opening相当于 When he was opening,故答案为B。
4. 结果状语。如:
The boy ran even faster, reaching the school out of breath. 那个男孩跑得更快了,到达学校时累得上气不接下气。
例12: European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
析: 四个选项均为make的不同形式,由句中的逗号及空白前后的逻辑关系考虑,此空应填现在分词表示自然的结果（意料之外的结果常用不定式）。答案为A。
六、V-ing作宾语补足语：（与其逻辑主语即宾语之间有主动关系）
通常用在动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, make, have, keep, leave, catch，find, get等之后,表示该一个正在发生的动作。如:
We are watching the teacher doing the experiment. 我们在观察老师做实验。
We had the fire burning a day. 我们使火烧了一天。
例13: The missing boys were last seen _______ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
析:see为感官动词,其用法有两种:see sb. do (表示看到全过程),see sb. doing(表示看到某人正在做某事,是一个场景),本句强调是最后一次看到,故A为最佳答案。
例14: The salesman scolded the girl caught ______ and let her off.
A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing
析:考生如果掌握catch sb. doing(发现某人做某事)这一短语,便可知girl与catch之间是被动关系,因此用catch的过去分词形式,故答案为D。
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