英语有时候也是一件让我们头疼的事情了，其中，难解的便是语法了。语法搞不懂？没关系，小鱼来助你！本文章涉及英语十大时态，强化知识掌握不牢固的小伙伴，其中包含时态的构成、用法、例句等，相信想要扎实基础的小伙伴们一定会有所收获！
英语十大时态详解
1、一般现在时
通常以动词原形表示。主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式。
动词be和have(表示拥有")各人称的单数形式为:
一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:动词be与have (表示拥有"):否定式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表:
动词be的否定疑问式和简单回答:
2、现在进行时
由助动词be 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，有三种形式:第一人称单数用am,第三人称单数用is,其他用are。
现在进行时的否定式是:直接在助动词be后面加上not;疑问式是:把助动词be提到主语之前。以study为例:
3、一般过去时
一般过去时通常由动词过去式表示。一般过去时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式要用助动词do的过去式did,同时注意实义动词要用原形。
以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:
4、过去进行时
由助动词be的过去式 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化，第一、第三人称单数用was,其他用were.
1)过去进行时动词主要表示在过去某- -时刻或某-段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。过去进行时经常与过去时配合使用。
例如:
This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson.
昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。
The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into theroom.
老师在给我们上课时，汤姆走进教室。
While we were having supper, all the lights went out.
我们吃饭的时候，灯灭了。
He was reading while she was setting the table.
她摆桌子时，他在读书。
It was getting dark. The wind was rising.
天渐渐黑下来了。风势增强了。
2)过去进行时动词常用always. continually frequently等词连用，表示过去经常发生的行为。这种用法表明带有的感情色彩。
例如:
The two brothers were frequently quarrling when they were young.
两兄弟小时候常吵架。
In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessions to western powers.
清朝时，中国总是对西方列强妥协。
5、过去完成时
一律用had 过去分词构成。
用法:
1)表示发生在过去某-时间或动作之前的事情，即"过去的过去”。用过去完成时，必须有一个过去的时间或动作来作参照，说明在此之前某事已发生。如果两个动作都是在过去发生的，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用 一般过去时。
例如:
She told me she had been there three times before.
她告诉我她以前到过那里三次。(" 去过”发生在“告诉"之前)
How long had he taught here by the end of last term?
到上学期末为止，他在这里教学多长时间啦? (“教学发生在 上学期末结束之前)
When we arrived, the football match had already begun.
我们到的时候，足球赛已经开始了。
She had visited China twice before she came this year.
她今年来中国之前已访问过中国两次了。
2)过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续到过去这一时刻或将继续下去。
例如:
By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years.
到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。
By six o'clock they had worked for eight hours.
到六点为止，他们已工作八小时了。
When I came to Shanghai, he nad been there for a long time.
我到上海时，他在那里很长时间了。
3)此外，过去完成时常用于no sooner..than... 和hardly(scarcely) ..w.h...这两个句型，前面部分用过去完成时，后面部分用一般过去时。
例如:
No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed.
= He had no sooner stolen the purse than he wascaught red-handed.
他刚偷到钱包就被当场抓获。
Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured.
= Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured.
萨达姆还没有意识到在发生什么事情就被抓获了。
6、过去完成进行吋
had been 动词的现在分词。
用法:表示一宜持续到过去某个时间的行为动作，此行为为动作或刚结束、或还没结束（可以从上下文看出）。这一时态经常与一般过去式一起使用。
例如:
When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours.
他进来的吋候，我一直在努カ修理电视机好几个小吋了
The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days.
道路很危险。雨一直下了两整天。
They were tired because they had been digging since dawn.
他们累了，因为从天亮幵始他们就一直在挖。
The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike He had been hoping for one for a long time.
那男孩得到一辆新的山地自行车很高兴。很长时间来他一直希望有一辆。
7、一般将来吋
一将来吋动词表示将来发生的动作的或情况。主要有以下几种表现形式:
(1) shallwill 动词原形表示单纯的将来,不涉及主语的主观意愿。第一人称l,we用shall或will,其余用will.其否定式、疑问式和简单回答式如下:
例如:I shall be twenty years old next year.
我明年二十岁。
The sky is black. I think it will rain.
天黑下来了。我想可能会下雨。You will meet him at the station this aftemoon.
你下午会在车站碰到他。
The train will arrive soon.
火车快要到了。
When shall we see you next time?
我们下次什么时候能看见你呢?
He probably won't go with us.他大概不能和我们一-起去。
注意:
（1) shall, will的缩写形式为I,如Ill, you'll, he'll 和she'll等。
（2) will用于第一人称时，可以表示将来的意愿、决心、允诺、命令等;shall用于第二、三人称时，可以表示说话人的将来的意愿。
例如:
I will give you a new pen for your birthday.我将送你一支新钢笔作为生日礼物。(允诺)
I will take the college entrance examination.
我将参加大学入学考试。(决心)
Shall I open the window?
我打开窗户好吗? ( 征求允诺)
You shall have the book as soon as I get it.
我一拿到书就给你。(说话人的允诺)
The enemy shall not pass.决不让敌人通过。(说话人的保证)Iwill do my best to help you.我愿意尽力帮助你。(意愿)Nobody shall be late for the meeting.
任何人开会都不能迟到。(说话人的命令)
（3) be going 动词不定式
i)这种结构表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事。这种打算往往是事先考虑。
She is not going to be there.她不会到那儿去的。
When are you going to finish your work?你的工作什么时候做完?Heisgoingtostayaweek.他准备呆一星期
We are going to call a meeting to discuss it.
我们准备开个会来讨论一下。
i)这种结构还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能即将发生某事。
例如:
Look at these black clouds? it is going to rain.
看这些乌云?要下雨了。
I think it is going to snow.
我看要下雪。
I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.
恐怕我要得重感冒。
8、将来进行时
shall/will be 现在分词
用法:
将来进行时动词表示在将来某--段时间内将会发生的动作。
This time next week we shall be working in that factory.
下星期这时候，我们将在那个工厂劳动。
When I get up tomorrow morning, my mother will be getting breakfast tor me.
当我明天早晨起床时，我妈妈将在为我准备早饭。
I will be seeing him next month.
我下个月将要见他。
Tomorrow we will be going to the village fair.
我们明天去赶集。
We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.
七月份我们要去海边度假。
一般将来时与将来进行时都表示将来，那么如何区别一般将来时和将来进行时呢?
将来进行时不表示个人意愿，强调主观上感觉某事即将发生，并对这一事情有所期待，感情色彩浓厚，强调动作。一般将来时主要是对某一事情即将发生左翼葛事实性的说明或陈述，强调事实或意愿。
9、过去将来时
(1)由should/would 动词原形构成。第一人称用should;第二、三人称用would。美国英语所有人称一律用would. should/would 的简略形式为'd,如I'd, you'd; would not和should not的简略形式分别为wouldn't和shouldn't.
(2)过去将来时表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用在宾语从句中。还可以表示过去的倾向或过去经常发生的事情。
例如:
They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon.
他们问我是否很快要去广州。
She told me she would come again next week.
她和我说她下周还来。
I told him to leave immediately, but he wouldn't.
我告诉他马上离开，但他不。
He'd play the violin when he was in low spirits.
他情绪低落的时候，就拉小提琴。
When I was in college, I would find a part-ime job during the summer holidays every year to earn mv tuition.
我上大学的时候，每年著假都找份临时工挣学费。
10、将来完成时
shall/will have 过去分词
用法:将来完成时动词主要表示在将来的某时刻或将来的某一时刻之前完成的动作，这-动作也可能继续进行。
例如:
By seven o'clock this afternoon we shall have got to Shanghai ifthe train keeps good line.
如果火车运行正常，我们今天下午七点就到上海了。
Before bedtime Xiao Ming will have completed his work.
到上床睡觉的时候，小明会做完他的工作(或作业)。
By February next year this foreign expert will have been here on this job for five years.
到明年二月，这个外国专家在这儿做这项工作就满五年了。
By Sept. 2008 Beijing will have held/hosted the Olympic Games.
到2008年9月，北京将举行完了奥运会。
,
