自工业革命以来，每一次技术革命都会使得社会化分工越来越细。
Since the Industrial Revolution, every technological revolution has made the division of socialization more and more detailed.
我们当代面临的智能革命也不例外，会冲击所有的行业。但是这样一来带来的另一个结果是头部效应会越来越明显，多数行业努力成为前2%的人，就不愁生活会过得不好。
The intelligent revolution we are facing today is no exception, and will impact all industries. But another result brought about by this is that the head effect will become more and more obvious. Most industries strive to become the top 2% of people, and there is no worry that life will be bad.
如何才能挤进头部？关键是要增加自己的稀缺性，让自己拥有别人无法替代的技能。
How can I squeeze into the head? The key is to increase your scarcity and let yourself have skills that others cannot replace.
最具发展潜力的7个职业. 7 careers with the most potential for development以下我们罗列的7个具有发展潜力的职业，是根据美国劳工统计局BLS，也包括MarketWatch、《华尔街日报》、财经新闻网站等等媒体公布的数据，时间是2011-2020年，大约10年时间，因此这反映的是美国的情况，鉴于美国的工业化程度要比中国早一些，但中国的市场预计也会走出同样的趋势。
The following 7 occupations with potential for development are based on the data released by the BLS of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, including MarketWatch, the Wall Street Journal, financial news websites and other media. The time is from 2011 to 2020, which is about 10 years. , So this reflects the situation in the United States, given that the US was industrialized earlier than China, but the Chinese market is expected to follow the same trend.
1. 软件行业
Software Industry
社会的信息化水平越高，就越是朝着智能化方向发展，对软件人员的需求量一定是上升的。
The higher the level of informatization of the society, the more intelligent it is, and the demand for software personnel must increase.
软件从业人员数量增加的原因一方面是创业公司（Start Up）的数量在剧增，另一方面是大公司一直在招人，而它们招人的目的其实不同。
The reason for the increase in the number of software professionals is that, on the one hand, the number of start-up companies (Start Up) is increasing sharply, and on the other hand, large companies have been hiring people, and their hiring purposes are actually different.
创业公司招人是因为看到了IT产业格局正在发生变化，想赶上新的一次浪潮，这个可以理解。而大公司招人并非是因为有多少事情可以做，而是出于防御性的考虑。
It is understandable that start-up companies are recruiting people because they have seen changes in the IT industry landscape and want to catch up with a new wave. And big companies recruit people not because of how much they can do, but because of defensive considerations.
在硅谷，Google、苹果、亚马逊和Facebook等公司都在进行抢人大战，这几家大公司通过把最好的人都招来，防止有新的、能够在近期威胁到它们的创业公司快速发展。今天在硅谷地区，小公司招人是非常困难的，以至于不再像2000年前后不断有能够颠覆行业的新公司出现。即便是那些所谓的独角兽，也威胁不到上面几家公司的业务。这种情况在中国也差不多，在一段时期内，强者恒强的情况不可避免。
In Silicon Valley, companies such as Google, Apple, Amazon, and Facebook are fighting for people. These large companies recruit the best people to prevent the rapid development of new startups that can threaten them in the near future. Today in the Silicon Valley area, it is very difficult for small companies to recruit people, so that it is no longer like the continuous emergence of new companies that can disrupt the industry around 2000. Even those so-called unicorns do not threaten the businesses of the above companies. This situation is similar in China. For a period of time, it is inevitable that the strong will remain strong.
由于创业公司和大公司共同的作用，美国的软件工程师数量在过去的五年增长了20%，在接下来的五年估计还会增长17%。另外，在美国，软件工程师工资上涨的幅度也明显高于其他行业，2020年的中位数工资超过了20万美元/年。而在中国北上广深等大城市，软件行业的中位数工资已经超过了20万人民币/年。
Due to the joint role of startups and large companies, the number of software engineers in the United States has increased by 20% in the past five years, and is estimated to increase by 17% in the next five years. In addition, in the United States, the salary increase of software engineers is also significantly higher than that of other industries. The median salary in 2020 will exceed $200,000 per year. In major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, the median salary in the software industry has exceeded 200,000 yuan per year.
2. 私人理财顾问
Private Financial Advisor
随着智能时代的到来，投资这件事情会被计算机取代，但事实上人们富裕起来之后，希望找一些专业的人士帮助自己打理财务。
With the advent of the intelligent age, this matter of investment will be replaced by computers, but in fact, after people get rich, they hope to find some professional people to help them manage their finances.
因为很多富有的人一来没有时间，二来他们深知自己人性的弱点，如果完全是自己打理财务的话，很难戒除一个“贪”字。很多投资的方法，并非那些富有的人自己不懂，而是听取第三方意见并执行，更容易客观对待投资。
Because many wealthy people do not have time, and secondly, they are well aware of their own human weaknesses. If they take care of their own finances, it is difficult to get rid of the word "greedy". Many investment methods are not that wealthy people don’t understand, but listen to the opinions of third parties and implement them, making it easier to treat investment objectively.
根据美国劳工局的估计，个人理财顾问未来的人数会增加30%。不过和过去不同的是，以前理财顾问大多属于某个投资银行，比如高盛或者摩根士丹利，今天他们越来越多地属于小的合伙人企业，甚至就是一个个体户。其原因主要是过去数据和客户资源都被大的投资银行垄断，而现在感恩信息革命，各种数据很容易获得，接触到客户也不是难事。
According to estimates by the US Bureau of Labor, the number of personal financial advisers will increase by 30% in the future. However, what is different from the past is that in the past, financial advisors mostly belonged to an investment bank, such as Goldman Sachs or Morgan Stanley. Today, they increasingly belong to small partnership companies or even self-employed individuals. The main reason is that in the past, data and customer resources were monopolized by large investment banks, but now thanks to the information revolution, all kinds of data are easy to obtain, and it is not difficult to reach customers.
成为私人理财顾问并不难，有一个金融、会计或者类似的学位，精于计算和善于使用数据就能开始工作。不过要想做得好，和人打交道的经验比那些简单技能更重要。
It is not difficult to become a private financial adviser. You can start working with a degree in finance, accounting or similar, good calculation and good use of data. But to do well, the experience of dealing with people is more important than simple skills.
不少私人理财顾问开始帮助高净值人士打理“家族办公室”等业务，佣金收入非常丰厚。
Many private financial advisors have begun to help high-net-worth individuals take care of businesses such as "family offices", and the commission income is very generous.
3. 生物医疗工程师
Biomedical engineer
生物医疗不是生物的一个分支，而是一个交叉学科，它处在当下两个热门领域的交叉点，即健康和STEM（即科学、技术、工程和数学）。
Biomedicine is not a branch of biology, but an interdisciplinary subject. It is at the intersection of two popular fields, namely health and STEM (that is, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics).
生物医疗的工程师开发医疗设备，既包括仪器，也包括软件。今天说的大数据医疗、医学影像识别，都属于这个领域。
Biomedical engineers develop medical equipment, including both instruments and software. The big data medical treatment and medical image recognition mentioned today belong to this field.
生物医疗行业的从业者通常需要对生物技术和IT技术都有所了解，并且能够和医生一同合作。现在和未来，他们将会帮助医生更好地对病人进行救治。由于利用IT技术帮助医疗是未来的大势所趋，因此，2022年这个行业的从业人员会增加23%，这个增幅还是很可观的。
Practitioners in the biomedical industry usually need to have an understanding of biotechnology and IT technology, and be able to work with doctors. Now and in the future, they will help doctors better treat patients. Since the use of IT technology to help medical care is the general trend in the future, the number of employees in this industry will increase by 23% in 2022, which is still a considerable increase.
生物医疗是一个对技能要求较高的行业，因此入职的门槛相对较高。在美国，生物医疗工程师的中位数收入是18万美元/年。
Biomedicine is an industry that requires high skills, so the entry barrier is relatively high. In the United States, the median income of biomedical engineers is $180,000 per year.
4. 环境工程师
Environmental engineer
环境问题一直是个大问题，这件事越来越受到大家的重视，而且在短期内还不可能得到很好的解决。因此，未来环境工程会是一个继续发展的行业，而且不会因为IT技术革命而消失。
The environmental problem has always been a big problem, and this matter has received more and more attention from everyone, and it is impossible to solve it well in the short term. Therefore, the future Environmental engineering will be an industry that will continue to develop, and it will not disappear because of the IT technology revolution.
今天，任何和“再生”、“绿色”相关的行业，都发展迅速。在未来，这个行业会得益于监控技术（IoT）和数据的剧增（大数据），我们会看到一个不一样的环境工程领域出现。据估计，在未来的五年，环境工程师的人数会增加10%。
Today, any industry related to "regeneration" and "green" is developing rapidly. In the future, this industry will benefit from the rapid increase in surveillance technology (IoT) and data (big data), and we will see a different field of environmental engineering emerge. It is estimated that in the next five years, the number of environmental engineers will increase by 10%.
环境工程也是一个入职门槛较高的行业，收入在工程师中位居中上，在美国，中位数的收入是15万美元/年。
Environmental engineering is also an industry with high entry barriers, and the income is in the middle among engineers. In the United States, the median income is $150,000 per year.
5. 数据分析师
Data Analyst
这是近几年新产生出来的职业，从业者利用科学家和软件工程师开发的工具，进行各种数据分析。
This is a newly created profession in recent years. Practitioners use tools developed by scientists and software engineers to perform various data analysis.
受益于大数据技术和人工智能技术的发展，今后就业人数还会继续增长，五年后有望增长30%。这个行业入职门槛并不像想象的高，有一定的数学基础和工程素养即可，但发展的潜力却非常可观。
Benefiting from the development of big data technology and artificial intelligence technology, the number of jobs will continue to grow in the future, and it is expected to increase by 30% in five years. The entry barrier in this industry is not as high as imagined. It is enough to have a certain mathematical foundation and engineering literacy, but the potential for development is very considerable.
6. 护士和理疗师
Nurses and physical therapists
护士这个行业在美国受尊重的程度是很高的。
The nursing profession is highly respected in the United States.
在美国，护士已经连续很多年，被评为最值得信赖的人群，其次是警察和教师。虽然很多人觉得未来有了机器人，照顾病人这件事或许会由机器人取代，但事实正好相反，大部分人还是喜欢由人来照顾自己。
In the United States, nurses have been rated as the most trustworthy group for many years, followed by police officers and teachers. Although many people think that with robots in the future, the matter of caring for patients may be replaced by robots, but the fact is just the opposite. Most people still prefer to have people take care of themselves.
另外护士的收入并不低，中位数收入为9万美元，超过数据分析师。在未来的五年里，护士不仅不会减少，而且还会增加16%。
In addition, the income of nurses is not low, with a median income of US$90,000, which exceeds that of data analysts. In the next five years, not only will the number of nurses not decrease, but they will increase by 16%.
社会上对理疗师的需求类似，其就业增长的根本的原因在于社会不断地老龄化，对医疗保健的需求越来越大。另外，这些行业不受技术革命的冲击。
The demand for physical therapists in society is similar, and the fundamental reason for their employment growth is the aging society and the increasing demand for medical care. In addition, these industries are not affected by the technological revolution.
7. 健身教练
Fitness coach
社会上对健身教练的需求和对理财顾问的需求类似。当人们有了钱，就会希望有专业的人士为自己提供个性化的服务。
The demand for fitness coaches in society is similar to the demand for financial advisers. When people have money, they hope that professionals will provide them with personalized services.
而且在新冠疫情爆发之后，让人们更加注重个人的健康，相信抵抗力才是第一竞争力。
Moreover, after the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, people have paid more attention to personal health, believing that resistance is the first competitiveness.
随着国内健身市场的成熟，分工会越来越仔细，健身除了让人强健体魄，还会向康复理疗的方向发展。
As the domestic fitness market matures, the division of labor is more and more careful. In addition to strengthening the body, fitness will also develop in the direction of rehabilitation and physical therapy.
我们今天从美国劳工局的数据，去推测在智能时代最具发展潜力的7个职业，这些职业都有三个特点：
Today, we use the data of the U.S. Labor Office to speculate on the seven most promising occupations in the intelligent era. These occupations have three characteristics:
1. 直接受益于智能革命，比如软件工程师和生医工程师都是如此。
Directly benefit from the intelligent revolution, such as software engineers and biomedical engineers.
2. 直接为个人提供个性化的服务，比如理财顾问和健身教练。
Provide individualized services directly to individuals, such as financial advisors and fitness coaches.
3. 和健康相关，这不仅包括医疗行业，而且环保其实也对人类健康有好处。
Related to health, this not only includes the medical industry, but environmental protection is actually good for human health.
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