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今天小编以论文《基于模糊语言集的多属性决策及其应用研究》为例，为大家带来《博士论文研究背景分析》，一起来看看吧！
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Today, I bring you "Analysis of Research Background of Doctoral Dissertation" with the dissertation "Research on Multi-Attribute Decision Making Based on Fuzzy Language Set and Its Application" as an example.
建议在浏览的同时参照文献原文 以获得最佳的阅读体验
【1】原文
决策是人们利用科学的方法和手段，为了实现既定目标而进行选择或调整的过程，即对一些评价对象进行筛选和择优的过程[1]。决策活动存在于人们生产生活的各个方面，上到国家政策制度的制定，经济、文化的发展方向，下到企业投资项目的评估、单位选址、供应商选择以及个人的购物选择、出行计划等。然而，在决策过程中，由于决策问题的复杂性，有时会涉及到一些难以量化的属性指标，决策者很难给出一个精确的实数来刻画自己的评价。因此，模糊决策理论就应运而生，它的核心思想是利用更加精确的数学方法去处理无法用实数描述的模糊事物[2]。
Decision-making is the process of people using scientific methods and means to make choices or adjustments in order to achieve the set goals, i.e., the process of selecting and choosing the best of some evaluation objects [1]. Decision-making activities exist in all aspects of people's production life, from the formulation of national policies and systems, the direction of economic and cultural development, down to the evaluation of enterprise investment projects, site selection of units, supplier selection, as well as personal shopping choices and travel plans. However, in the decision-making process, due to the complexity of the decision problem, sometimes some difficult to quantify attribute indicators are involved, and it is difficult for decision makers to give a precise real number to portray their evaluation. Therefore, fuzzy decision theory came into being, and its core idea is to use more precise mathematical methods to deal with fuzzy things that cannot be described by real numbers [2].
在决策过程中，人们有时难以用单一的属性（指标）来表达对评价对象的评价，这时需要根据一些相互联系、相互依存的评价指标来对有限个评价对象进行综合排序和择优，因此Chen等[3]提出了多属性决策，它是是模糊决策的重要组成部分[4]。由于多属性决策方法既能够处理定性信息和定量信息，又能够处理精确信息和模糊信息[5]，因而在军事、社会、经济等多个领域广泛应用，如某高校在选择录取研究生时，面对多个符合要求的学生，通常会在考虑他们的笔试成绩、复试成绩、学习态度以及学习能力等因素的情况下，做出综合评价来确定最终的录取名单。
In the decision-making process, it is sometimes difficult for people to express the evaluation of evaluation objects with a single attribute (indicator), and then it is necessary to comprehensively rank and select a limited number of evaluation objects based on some interrelated and interdependent evaluation indicators, so Chen et al [3] proposed multi-attribute decision making, which is is an important part of fuzzy decision making [4]. Since the multi-attribute decision making method is capable of handling both qualitative and quantitative information as well as precise and fuzzy information [5], it is widely used in many fields such as military, social, and economic, etc. For example, when a university selects a graduate student for admission, facing several students who meet the requirements, it usually makes a comprehensive The final admissions list is determined by a comprehensive evaluation, taking into account their performance in the written test, the review test, their study attitude and their academic ability.
在模糊多属性决策问题中，如何对不确定性信息进行表达和刻画是一个重点的研究内容，Zadeh [6]于1965年将模糊集引入决策领域，把模糊性和数学结合在一起，推动了决策理论的发展。然而，在实际的决策过程中，由于决策环境的复杂性、信息本身的不确定性以及人们的主观认识，导致决策者给出的决策结果通常不是精确数值，而是语言值的形式，比如评价企业收益时的“高”、“低”，评价汽车性能时的“好”、“坏”等。因此，Zadeh [7]-[9]于1975年提出了模糊语言法，即在决策过程中使用语言变量代替精确的数字来表达评价信息。语言描述更加符合人们的思维方式，贴合实际情况，灵活地诠释了人们表达决策观点时的犹豫性和模糊性[10]。因此，对基于模糊语言环境下的多属性决策方法进行研究，引起了人们的高度关注。
In fuzzy multi-attribute decision problems, how to express and portray uncertain information is a key research content, and Zadeh [6] introduced fuzzy sets into the field of decision making in 1965, combining fuzziness and mathematics together and promoting the development of decision theory. However, in the actual decision-making process, due to the complexity of the decision-making environment, the uncertainty of the information itself and people's subjective perceptions, the decision results given by decision makers are usually not precise values, but in the form of linguistic values, such as "high" and "low" when evaluating enterprise earnings, and "low" when evaluating automobile performance. ", "good" and "bad" when evaluating the performance of a car, etc. Therefore, Zadeh [7]-[9] proposed the fuzzy linguistic method in 1975, which uses linguistic variables instead of precise numbers to express evaluation information in the decision-making process. Linguistic descriptions are more in line with people's way of thinking, fit the actual situation, and flexibly interpret the hesitancy and fuzziness of people in expressing their views on decision making [10]. Therefore, the study of multi-attribute decision making methods based on fuzzy linguistic environment has attracted a lot of attention.
【2】分析论文的研究背景是介绍为什么要进行这样的研究。该论文是关于决策方法的研究，因此其背景主要围绕决策心理行为和多属性决策模糊数据类型而展开。
The research background of this paper is to introduce why this research is carried out. This paper is about the research of decision-making methods, so its background is mainly around decision-making psychology and behavior and fuzzy data types of multi-attribute decision-making.
除此之外，研究背景的撰写是对整个研究状况进行详细周密的调查、分析以及分析之后得出的结论，这样既有利于保障论文质量，同时也有利于让读者充分了解论文内容所研究的课题是什么、是否值得继续去研究。
In addition, the writing of the research background is the conclusion drawn after a detailed investigation, analysis and analysis of the whole research situation, which is not only conducive to ensuring the quality of the paper, but also conducive to letting readers fully understand what the research topic is and whether it is worth continuing to study.
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翻译参考来源：Deepl。
内容参考来源：
[1]刘原园. 基于模糊语言集的多属性决策及其应用研究[D].湖南科技大学,2019.
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