独立主格结构是英语语法中的一个重要板块，今天，小编为大家整理了独立主格结构的几种基本形式，一起来看看吧！
名词(代词) 现在分词（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）
1. 名词(代词) 现在分词
Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.
黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
2. 名词(代词) 过去分词
The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
3. 名词(代词) 不定式
在“名词/代词 动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
4. 名词(代词) 形容词
The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse．
特洛伊人睡着了，于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。
Computers very small, we can use them widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
5. 名词(代词) 副词
The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。
The lights off, we could not go on with the work.
灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
6. 名词(代词) 名词
His first shot failure, he fired again．
他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
7. 名词(代词) 介词短语
He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head resting upon his left forearm．
他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。
Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house, a vast load of firewood on her back．
每天下午，一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。
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