第四部分 阅读理解 阅读理解，总共 20 小题，共 60 分每个短文一般 3-4 个小问，带着问题到文章中找答案，基本上都可以在相应的段落里找到答案做阅读理解要注意故事的情节，一些细节，及前后的推断总结一般做对 8-10 题是不难的，大概能得 30 分左右下面我们会总结阅读理解常见的一些体裁，相应的特点和解题技巧认真学习，可以再多增加个 10 分左右的得分点 ，现在小编就来说说关于成考英语完全不会怎么学?下面内容希望能帮助到你，我们来一起看看吧!
成考英语完全不会怎么学
第四部分 阅读理解
阅读理解，总共 20 小题，共 60 分。每个短文一般 3-4 个小问，带着问题到文章中找答案，基本上都可以在相应的段落里找到答案。做阅读理解要注意故事的情节，一些细节，及前后的推断总结。一般做对 8-10 题是不难的，大概能得 30 分左右。下面我们会总结阅读理解常见的一些体裁，相应的特点和解题技巧。认真学习，可以再多增加个 10 分左右的得分点。
阅读理解题是考查学生综合运用所学词汇和语法知识获取信息能力的重要试题。题型为选择题，
有三到四篇短文，总阅读量不少于 1000 个词。体裁有记叙文、说明文、应用文等，每篇短文后皆有数量不等的问题或不完整的句子，要求考生在仔细阅读短文后，从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的四个选项中，选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的最佳答案。要求考生读完短文后，能掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事实、有关细节及上下文的逻辑关系。不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧
（1）记叙文
记叙文可分为传记类和故事类。
传记类文章在阅读时“时间”是贯穿全文的关键，根据“时间”我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章，情节较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。
（2）说明文
说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果等进行介绍、解释或阐述的文章。把我所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数子法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
（3）应用文
应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。
（历年真题）案例分析：
We all love a hero,and rescue dogs are some of the biggest heroes of all.You will often
find them going above and beyond duty to save someone,risking-and at times losing-their lives
in the process.
Rescue dogs are generally found in the Sporting and Hunting Groups,or from the tradi
tional Herding Group.These types include the Bloodhound,Labrador Labrador Retriever,Newf
oundland,German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Belgian Malinois-all of which are chosen
for search-and-rescue duty because of their amazing physical strength,loyalty,and their
tendency for mental stability.
These types also have a keen sense of hearing and smell-to better locate lost
individuals-and are often able to access hard-to-reach areas. As highly trained animals,they
serve in many different fields, including specialist search,snow slide rescue,dead body
location,and tracking.
To overcome obstacles and succeed when performing the demanding duties of a
search-and-rescue worker,a dog must display certain qualities. In addition to intelligence
and strength,the dog must be swift, confident,easily trainable,adaptable,and have a high level
of stamina (耐力)and endurance.A strong sense of group cooperation and an ability to engage
in friendly play during"down"time is also required of search-and-rescue dogs.
A rescue dog goes through many,many hours of intensive training to be fit for duty.Training
is not for the faint-hearted.Certification training can take from two to three years,working
three to four hours a day,three to six days a week,often in group,team-oriented sessions.
Each search-and-rescue field requires different types of training. Rescue training,for
instance, includes"air scenting"-where dogs are trained to smell the air for the victim's
scent(气味) and then follow the scent to the person.This ability is crucial to finding victims
trapped under collapsed buildings and snow slide.
1.Rescue dogs are chosen probably because__________.
A.they are loyal
B.they are brave
C.they have amazing appearances
D.they have good eyesight
2.What does"faint-hearted " in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Courageous.
B.Cowardly.
C.Energetic.
D.Slow.
3.Which ability is most important for dogs to rescue people trapped in snow?
A.Sharp hearing.
B.Swift movement.
C.Extraordinary smelling.
D.A strong memory.
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Selection process of rescue dogs.
B.Qualities and training of rescue dogs.
C.Risks rescue dogs are faced with.
D.Types of tasks rescue dogs can perform.
答案与解析：
1.A.事实细节题。由第二段最后一句“all of which are chosen for...loyalty, and their tendency
for mental stability”可知，挑选搜救犬的条件是强壮的体格、忠诚、心理稳定程度，故选 A.
2.B.词义理解题。第五段主要描述搜救犬需要经过长期艰苦训练，所以这种训练应该不适合懦弱胆小者，只有顽强的搜救犬才能坚持下来。由此推测，faint-hearted 应指“懦弱的”，故选 B.
3.C.推理判断题。由第六段最后两句可知，搜救训练的一项内容是让搜救犬去嗅空气中受害者的气味，这项能力对发现被困在坍塌建筑物和雪崩中的受害者至关重要。由此可推断，在搜救被困在雪里的受害者时，搜救犬及其敏锐的嗅觉是最重要的。故选 C.
4.B.主旨大意题。文章第二、三、四段主要讲搜救犬需要具备的能力和条件，第五、六段讲搜救犬的训练，所以这篇文章的主题是搜救犬的本领和训练，故选 B.
第五部分 补全对话
“补全对话”共设 5 个小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分。这部分有一段对话，要求考生在理解对话的基础上，从给出的八个选项中选出 5 个符合语境的最佳答案。该题型一般情景较简单，日常学习中多积累一些交际用语，本题就没问题，一般能得 10 分左右。
补全对话部分考题，主要考查考生对日常生活会话中包括学习、娱乐、购物、问候、介绍、告别、邀请、道歉等话题的表达方法，熟练应用的能力，以使考生达到学以致用的要求。解这类题型，考生应能够通过分析、判断、推理等方法从所给选项中选出适合其场景的最佳答案。
解题方法：
1.通读对话全文，弄清楚整个对话发生的地点、时间、人物身份以及对话的内容。、
2.理清上下句的逻辑关系，使填入的话和整篇对话文理通顺，融为一体。答题时，依据语言环境补全对话，逐句推敲。
3.符合说英语国家人的习惯。注意口语交际中的一些习惯用语，特别是汉语和英语表达方式的不同，要认真通读对话。
4.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的词组、句型背熟。
5.注意留白处的标点。是句号，就应填问句；是句号，就应填陈述句。
（历年真题）案例分析：
A.Can I speak to Mr.Johnson,please
B.I'll tell him you've called
C.I'll give him the message
D.What can I do for you
E.Can you tell him that we can meet tomorrow afternoon in my office
F.Can I take a message
G.Can you ask him to call me back as soon as possible
H.That's right
Woman:Hello,Mr. Johnson's office.
Man:Good morning. 1 ?
Woman:Sorry,he's in a meeting at the moment. 2 ?
Man:Yes.This is Steve Lee from Brightlight Systems. 3 ?
Woman:Tomorrow afternoon in your office.
Man: 4 .
Woman:Okay. 5 .
Man:Thank you.
参考答案：1.A 2.F 3.E 4.H 5.C
六部分 书面表达
书面表达满分 30 分，如果将所给的作文内容概要进行大致的翻译，句子完整，书写规范，本篇作文，一般能得 20 分以上。最基本做到简要翻译了部分内容，字数凑足，考前背一背范文，一般至少能得 10 分以上。 “书面表达”题是考查学生能否运用所学到的知识和所掌握的技能来表达思想的试题。一般为命题式作文而非自由作文，要求考生根据所给情境用英语写一篇 100 个单词左右的短文。提供的情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。注意，考生要按题目要求的体裁来写作。本题满分为 30 分。
1. 书面表达的解题指导
（1）认真审题。
（2）列出要点。
（3）组句成文。
（4）仔细检查。
2. 书面表达的注意事项
（1）格式正确。考试体裁中主要考通知、日记和书信。
（2）内容完整。“书面表达”内容要覆盖情景所提供的全部要点。
（3）表达得体。语言要符合英语表达习惯，基本没有语法结构和词汇的错误。
（4）书写规范。书写工整，正确使用大小写和标点符号。
（5）长度适当。大纲要求词数为 100 左右。
（历年真题）
你(Li Yuan)在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，希望得到帮助。请给你的英国笔友 (Jason)写封信，内容包括：
·介绍你学习英语的经历;
·描述你在英语学习中遇到的困难;
·希望笔友给你一些建议。
Yours,
Li Yuan
参考答案：
Dear Jason,
I am a high school student and now I am going to take the College Entrance Examination.
I am writing to you about my difficulties in learning English. In fact, I do well in other
subjects, but English is my headache. I can't remember the new words and expressions I learned
in class. So I often make a lot of mistakes in multiple choices and can't understand the articles
fully because of my poor vocabulary. What's worse, I have trouble in listening to English.
I totally can't understand what those people are talking in English. What should I do? You
are an expert in teaching students English. I hope you can give me some suggestions to help
me solve my problem. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Yuan
【英语作文万能模板】
（一）用于开头的句子
1.There are many different opinions among people as a ...,some people suggest that...
关于......人们有不同的观点。一些人认为......
2.Today... which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First,...Second,...what makes
things worse is that...
现在，... 它们给我们的生活带来了许多危害。首先...其次...最糟糕的是...
3.As far as ... is concerned 就...而言
4.It can be said with certainty that...可以肯定地说...
5.It has to be NOTICEd that...必须注意到...
6.It’s generally recognized that... 普遍认为...
7.Nothing is more important than the fact that...没有什么比...更重要
8.There’s no denying the fact that...不可否认...
9.As the proverb says 正如谚语所说
10.What’s far more important is that...更重要的是...
（二）用于衔接的句子
1.Similarly, we should pay attention to...同样，我们要注意
2.In this respect, we may as well (say )从这个角度上我们可以说
3.As has been mentioned above…正如上面所提到的…
4.In view of the present station 鉴于目前形势
5.However,the difficulty lies in…然而，困难在于…
6.Further,we hold opinion that…此外，我们坚持认为，…
7.But it's a pity that…但遗憾的是…
8.As case in point is... 一个典型的例子是...
9.But the problem is not so simple.Therefore... 然而问题并非如此简单，所以...
10.For all that... 对于这一切...
（三）用语结尾的句子
1.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信...
2.Therefore, in my opinion,it’s more advisable...因此，在我看来，更可取的是...
3.All things considered 总而言之
4.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说...
5.From what had been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that...通过以上结
论，我们可以得出以下结论...
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...通过数据我们得到的结论是...
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论...
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来...如果...也许更好
【相关范文】
一，通知类
根据提示写一份举行隔周一次的英语晚会（every-other-week Enlish evening） 的书面通知。
提示：
1.时 间：11 月 24 日，周六晚上 7 点。
2.地 点：2 号教学楼的报告厅（lecture room）。
3.内 容：歌曲，朗诵（recitation）,舞蹈，话剧等，还有美籍教师演讲。
4.目 的：提高学生英语听说能力。
5.报名地点：办公室 203 室，学生会（Students’ Union）.
注意：
1.要点不得遗漏
2.符合书面通知的格式
3.词数为 100 左右。
NOTICE
In order to improve the students’ listening and speaking ability, the every-other-week
English evening is to be held in the lecture room, No.2 Teaching Building , at 7:00 p.m. this
Saturday, November 24th. Program includes songs, recitation, dances, plays and so on. And
our English teacher from America is going to make a short speech about English study. Everyone
is welcome . Those who would like to take part in it , please sign your names at the Students’
Union, Room 203,Office Building .
Students’ Union
二，书信类
假如你是学生李华，在家是独生子女，国家开放二孩政策后，你的父母想再生一个孩子，
征求你的意见。恰好你的美国笔友 Peter 来信询问我国的二孩政策。请你给他回一封信。
内容要点如下： 简单解释国家二孩政策；得知父母打算生二胎后你的想法；征求 Peter 的看法。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入字数。
Dear Peter,
I have received your letter and I’m glad to explain to you the two-child policy
in China.
The Chinese government recently plans to change the one-child policy into two-child
policy, meaning that every family in China is allowed to have two children. Now my
parents have made a decision to give birth to a second child, which worries me a great
deal. Though it is good to have a brother or sister to grow up with, I have to share
everything with him or her. Most importantly, what if the love from my parents is totally
switched to the new child? As you have a younger sister, did you have similar problems?
What’s your opinion about this?
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
三，日记类
假设你是一个农村学生，进程看到河水被严重污染，请写一篇议论污染的日记。内容。内容包括以下几点：
1. 河水颜色发黑，并发出臭味。
2. 水里没有鱼，也没人游泳。
3. 污染原因是附近的工厂往河里排放工业废水。
4. 大家应保护环境，减少污染。
注意： 1.要符合日记的格式，2.词数为 100 左右。
September 16,2012,Sunday
Cloudy
I went to the small city far away from village to buy some books this morning. What I
saw there surprised me very much. There is a river in the city. The water in it is dark and
smells terrible. It is polluted with chemical waste from factories. There are many small
factories along the river. The worst one is the paper factory . It pours waste water into
the river day and night. Fish can’t live in such a polluted river and neither can people
swim in it. I wonder why people don’t care about our environment. We should do something
to reduce pollution.
四：议论文
假如你是李华，你们学校就“感恩父母，从我做起”这一话题展开讨论。请你用英语写一
篇短文，谈谈为什么要感恩父母，你和父母之间发生的最难忘的事以及你的感受。
注意：词数为 100 左右
I think it's important for us to thank our parents. Since I was born, my parents
have given me all their love and care, but never expect anything in return. They
havebrought me up and taken good care of me carefully and patiently.
Last year, I was chosen to take part in a speech competition. I felt very nervous.
My parents tried hard to help me prepare for it. They encouraged me to be confident
and told me not to care much about the result. They said the process of learning was
more meaningful.
With their help, I did very well that time. I felt happy and proud. I'd like to
say “Thanks a lot! You're great! I will love you forever!” to mum and dad.
五，邀请信类
你是 Lucy, 写一封给老同学 Allen 的邀请信，邀请他参加下个星期日下午 4 点（12 月 23 日）的校友聚会。希望 Allen 尽快回信接受邀请，以便他们及时做好安排。
December 16,2012
Dear Allen,
We are having all classmates for dinner at 4 p.m. next Sunday(December 23) at the hotel.
There will be a big reunion. Would it be possible for you to join in it at your convenience?
I hope that you will feel it worth while to accept this invitation. We haven’t seen each
other for a long time and we are all anxious to have you with us.
We shall be very much pleased if we receive word of your acceptance in the near future ,
so that we can make good arrangements in time .
Yours,
Lucy
,
